{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T16:04:14Z","timestamp":1785341054835,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp;amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study investigated the hepatoprotective effects of a combined ethanolic extract of\n                    <jats:italic>Moringa oleifera<\/jats:italic>\n                    and methanolic extract of\n                    <jats:italic>Urtica dioica<\/jats:italic>\n                    (MU), F3 (2:1 w\/w), against isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF)\u2010induced liver toxicity in rats. Formulation F3, characterized by high total phenolic (246.45 \u00b1 1.80\u00a0\u00b5g GAE\/mg) and flavonoid (67.07 \u00b1 0.21\u00a0\u00b5g QE\/mg) contents, exhibited potent in vitro antioxidant activity (e.g., DPPH IC50 of 42.66 \u00b1 0.59\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL for F3). Significantly, oral administration of F3 alone (200, 400\u00a0mg\/kg) did not induce liver toxicity, maintaining normal histopathology similar to controls. Conversely, INH\u2010RIF treatment significantly increased serum liver markers (AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin, and triglycerides), elevated MDA levels, reduced CAT and GSH activities, and caused severe histopathological damage. The combined extract F3, particularly at 400\u00a0mg\/kg, significantly reversed these biochemical and histopathological alterations. In silico ADMET, DFT, and docking analyses elucidated multi\u2010targeted mechanisms: DFT predicted high reactivity for compounds such as riboflavin (\n                    <jats:bold>5a<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), correlating with antioxidant effects. Docking showed strong binding of oleuropein (\n                    <jats:bold>3a<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) and riboflavin (\n                    <jats:bold>5a<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) to CYP2E1 and TNF\u2010\u03b1, suggesting inhibition of toxic metabolite formation and inflammation. These findings highlight this natural combination's potential as an adjunctive therapy for anti\u2010tuberculosis drug\u2010induced liver injury.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202502542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T19:20:21Z","timestamp":1776453621000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multi\u2010Targeted Hepatoprotection: A Combined Extract of\n                    <i>Moringa oleifera<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Urtica dioica<\/i>\n                    (MU) Combats Drug\u2010Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation via Antioxidant and Molecular Modulatory Effects"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Nassima","family":"Boutaoui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmacology Faculty of Exact Sciences and Computer Sciences University of Jijel  Jijel Algeria"},{"name":"Research Unit for the Valorization of Natural Resources, Bioactive Molecules, and Physicochemical and Biological Analyses Fr\u00e8res Mentouri University  Constantine Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nesrine","family":"Lariche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences University of Jijel  Jijel Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Zakaria","family":"Stiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmacology Faculty of Exact Sciences and Computer Sciences University of Jijel  Jijel Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katia Mohand","family":"Saidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmacology Faculty of Exact Sciences and Computer Sciences University of Jijel  Jijel Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walid","family":"Bousbaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Valorization and Promotion of Saharan Resources Faculty of Mathematics and Matter Sciences University of Ouargla  Ouargla Algeria"},{"name":"Scientific and Technical Research Center in Physico\u2010Chemical Analysis (CRAPC)  Bou\u2010Ismail Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khellaf","family":"Rebbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural and Life Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of M'sila  M'Sila Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamel","family":"Harrouche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmacology Faculty of Exact Sciences and Computer Sciences University of Jijel  Jijel Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7343-0242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Smail","family":"Khelili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmacology Faculty of Exact Sciences and Computer Sciences University of Jijel  Jijel Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"168","article-title":"Hepatotoxicity of Antitubercular Drugs: Epidemiology, Mechanism, and Management","volume":"5","author":"Bouchentouf R.","year":"2011","journal-title":"African Journal of Hepato\u2010Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"W. 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