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Microorganisms in these environments thrive under extreme conditions such as darkness, oligotrophy, and high concentrations of inorganic matter like iron ore. In this study, sediment samples were collected from the aphotic zone of a ferruginous cave in the National Forest of Caraj\u00e1s (Brazilian Amazon). Eight bacterial strains were isolated and taxonomically classified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, revealing five genera:\n                    <jats:italic>Serratia<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Aneurinibacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Comamonas<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Crude extracts from liquid cultures were analyzed using untargeted LC\u2013MS\/MS and processed through feature\u2010based molecular networking on the GNPS platform. The resulting network highlighted the production of structurally similar compound classes across different genera, including cyclopeptides, cholic acid derivatives, and indole alkaloids. Crude extracts were tested for cytotoxicity against HCT\u2010116 and 501mel tumor cell lines, with significant inhibition observed for extracts from\n                    <jats:italic>Aneurinibacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Comamonas<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Enterococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Multivariate analysis linked cyclopeptide derivatives to cytotoxic activity. This study offers one of the first insights into the chemical potential of cave\u2010dwelling bacteria in Brazil and underscores their promise for future biotechnological exploration.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202502912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T11:34:34Z","timestamp":1767872074000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Microbial Chemical Diversity and Cytotoxic Potential From Brazilian Ferruginous Caves: A Pioneering Metabolomic Survey"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8244-3216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nat\u00e1lia Naomi","family":"Kato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais e Sint\u00e9ticos, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Farmac\u00eauticas De Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Universidade De S\u00e3o Paulo (USP)  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