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Their structures and absolute configurations were rigorously established through extensive spectroscopic analyses (HR\u2010ESI\u2010MS and 1D\/2D NMR) and comparative electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. In bioactivity evaluations, most compounds demonstrated significant inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS\u2010stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, with syringalignan D (\n                    <jats:bold>14<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), oblatioside K (\n                    <jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), and oblatioside I (\n                    <jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) exhibiting the strongest anti\u2010inflammatory effects (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 12.5 \u00b1 0.79, 15.2 \u00b1 0.98, and 21.1 \u00b1 0.86 \u00b5M, respectively), comparable to dexamethasone (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 35.4 \u00b1 0.39 \u00b5M). Additionally, syringalignan B (\n                    <jats:bold>12<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) and syringalignan D (\n                    <jats:bold>14<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) displayed potent antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 13.0 \u00b1 0.48 and 22.6 \u00b1 1.12 \u00b5M), outperforming several sesquiterpenoids and approaching the activity of ascorbic acid (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 23.5 \u00b1 0.46 \u00b5M). Notably, compound\n                    <jats:bold>14<\/jats:bold>\n                    dose\u2010dependently (5\u201320 \u00b5M) suppressed LPS\u2010stimulated ROS generation and lowered IL\u20106, TNF\u2010\u03b1, and IL\u20101\u03b2 mRNA levels in RAW264.7 cells, while also markedly reducing phosphorylated P65, JNK, and Erk proteins, indicating potent anti\u2010oxidant and anti\u2010inflammatory activity. These findings significantly expand the known chemical diversity of\n                    <jats:italic>S. oblata<\/jats:italic>\n                    Lindl., and highlight sesquiterpenes and lignans from this source as promising scaffolds for developing novel anti\u2010inflammatory and antioxidant agents.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202503122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T08:54:48Z","timestamp":1773824088000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fourteen Undescribed Sesquiterpenoids and Lignans With Potent Anti\u2010Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties Isolated From\n                    <i>Syringa oblata<\/i>\n                    Lindl."],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Xiujun","family":"Lai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School University of South China  Hengyang P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine  Nanchang P. R. China"},{"name":"National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation of Chinese Herbal Medicine  Nanchang P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ganggang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine  Nanchang P. R. China"},{"name":"National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation of Chinese Herbal Medicine  Nanchang P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Furong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School University of South China  Hengyang P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingzhen","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine  Nanchang P. R. China"},{"name":"National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation of Chinese Herbal Medicine  Nanchang P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7187-8190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School University of South China  Hengyang P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.9b01285"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2013.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19010263"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13070991"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27031142"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2022.113158"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2021.105066"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43088\u2010022\u201000256\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2019.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md8122849"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43450\u2010021\u201000171\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10600\u2010016\u20101852\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13065\u2010019\u20100621\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjp.2018.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.Bioorg.2023.106604"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.Fitote.2025.107017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.119274"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43450\u2010025\u201000700\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202200154"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2025.142447"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002149900065"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.10189"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cplett.2004.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22111825"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c8ra00443a"}],"container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbdv.202503122","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cbdv.202503122","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbdv.202503122","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T11:58:42Z","timestamp":1775995122000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cbdv.202503122"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cbdv.202503122"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbdv.202503122","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1612-1872","1612-1880"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1612-1872","type":"print"},{"value":"1612-1880","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-06","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e03122"}}