{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T17:03:15Z","timestamp":1791478995482,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp;amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Breast cancer, chronic inflammation, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represent major global health challenges that require novel multitarget therapeutic strategies. This study evaluated the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, cytotoxic potential, immunomodulatory effects, and antibacterial properties of leaf extracts from\n                    <jats:italic>Acrostichum aureum<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Argemone mexicana<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Ficus religiosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Sequential solvent extraction followed by LC\u2013MS analysis revealed distinct phenolic profiles among the species.\n                    <jats:italic>A. aureum<\/jats:italic>\n                    was enriched in ferulic acid, rutin, chlorogenic acid, and\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010coumaric acid, whereas\n                    <jats:italic>A. mexicana<\/jats:italic>\n                    contained veratric acid, luteolin, and apigenin.\n                    <jats:italic>F. religiosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    showed elevated levels of chlorogenic and protocatechuic acids along with related metabolites. All extracts exhibited concentration\u2010dependent antioxidant activity, with DPPH radical scavenging ranging from 48.12 \u00b1 5.22% to 63.14 \u00b1 6.25% at 100\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL and nitric oxide inhibition from 72.15 \u00b1 6.17% to 78.24 \u00b1 5.24% at 1000\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL. Fractionated extracts (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol) displayed differential cytotoxicity against MCF\u20107 breast cancer cells. Notably, ethanolic fractions promoted pro\u2010apoptotic signaling by increasing BAX expression (up to 2.5\u2010fold) while suppressing BCL\u20102 (0.4\u2010fold) and reducing inflammatory mediators IL\u20106 and TNF\u2010\u03b1. Antibacterial assays further demonstrated species\u2010specific activity patterns:\n                    <jats:italic>A. mexicana<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>F. religiosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    effectively inhibited\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains (up to 43.79% growth reduction), whereas\n                    <jats:italic>A. aureum<\/jats:italic>\n                    showed the strongest activity against multidrug\u2010resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC 17978 (26.88 \u00b1 8.25%). These findings highlight a clear relationship between phytochemical composition and biological activity, indicating that these medicinal plants may serve as promising sources of multitarget phytotherapeutic agents. Further in vivo studies and bioactive compound isolation are required to validate their therapeutic potential.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202503142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T07:13:22Z","timestamp":1775027602000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["LC\/MS\u2010Based Phytochemical Profiling and Immunomodulatory Evaluation of Three Medicinal Plants With Anticancer and Antibacterial Activities"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Taskia Azad","family":"Konika","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Primeasia University  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md Ekhtiar","family":"Uddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition University of Aberdeen  Aberdeen UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rokhsana","family":"Jahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition University of Aberdeen  Aberdeen UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md Nakibul","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine Kyungpook National University  Daegu Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1916-5888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md","family":"Shamsuzzaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine Kyungpook National University  Daegu Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaik Mohamed","family":"Shamsudeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Science and Oral Biology, College of Dentistry King Khalid University  Abha Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","first-page":"26","article-title":"An Overview of the Global Alarming Increase of Multiple Drug Resistant: A Major Challenge in Clinical Diagnosis","volume":"24","author":"Alara J. 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