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Despite the extensive traditional use of\n                    <jats:italic>C. leptophloeos<\/jats:italic>\n                    in gastrointestinal disorders, its stem bark extract has not yet been chemically characterized nor systematically investigated in experimental models of chemotherapy\u2010induced intestinal injury. Phytochemical analysis by mass spectrometry identified 21 metabolites, mainly procyanidins and flavonoids. Antimicrobial screening against 90 bacterial strains showed selective inhibition of Gram\u2010positive bacteria at 40\u201380\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL. In vivo, mucositis was induced in female Swiss mice with 5\u2010FU (450\u00a0mg\/kg, i.p.). Treatment with HECL (10\u00a0mg\/kg) significantly preserved villus and crypt architecture (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.05) and reduced IL\u20106 levels (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.05). HECL also increased MUC\u20102 expression (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.05), while maintaining intestinal barrier integrity, as indicated by occludin immunostaining. Additionally, the extract modulated oxidative stress (malondialdehyde) and acetylcholinesterase activity. Overall, HECL demonstrated bioactive potential with broad\u2010spectrum antimicrobial activity and protective effects against chemotherapy\u2010induced intestinal injury, supporting its role as a therapeutic adjuvant in intestinal disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202503251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T07:14:01Z","timestamp":1775027641000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity and In Vivo Intestinal Barrier Regulation by\n                    <i>Commiphora leptophloeos<\/i>\n                    Bark Extract in 5\u2010Fluorouracil\u2013Induced Mucositis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Stphannie Jamyla","family":"de Ara\u00fajo Barbosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science Federal University of Rio Grande Norte  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Grande Norte  Natal Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafaela Alcindo Silva","family":"de Sousa F\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Oral Science Department of Dentistry Federal University of Rio Grande Norte  Natal Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Laura","family":"de Souza Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Oral Science Department of Dentistry Federal University of Rio Grande Norte  Natal Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rapha\u00ebl","family":"Grougnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR 7200 Therapeutic Innovation Laboratory CNRS, Strasbourg Institute for 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J.deA Barbosa M. M. B.Oliveira S. B.Ribeiro et\u00a0al. \u201cThe Beneficial Effects of Lacticaseibacillus Casei on the Small Intestine and Colon of Swiss Mice Against the Deleterious Effects of 5\u2010Fluorouracil. 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