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This study employed\n                    <jats:italic>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>C. elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) as a model organism to investigate the protective effects of the ethyl acetate fraction from the ethanol extract of\n                    <jats:italic>Hemerocallis citrina<\/jats:italic>\n                    (HC\u2010EA) against amyloid\u2010beta (A\u03b2) toxicity and elucidate its underlying mechanisms The results demonstrated that HC\u2010EA significantly alleviated A\u03b2\u2010induced paralysis and extended lifespan in\n                    <jats:italic>C. elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , while exhibiting no observable toxicity at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1\u00a0mg\/mL. Mechanistically, HC\u2010EA reduced A\u03b2 transcription and protein levels, decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and enhanced glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and proteasome activities in Alzheimer's disease (AD)\n                    <jats:italic>C. elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                    models. Furthermore, HC\u2010EA upregulated the expression of antioxidant\u2010related genes (\n                    <jats:italic>gst\u20104<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>skn\u20101<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and proteasome subunit genes (\n                    <jats:italic>rpt\u20103<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>pbs\u20101<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>pbs\u20102<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>pbs\u20105<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), and conferred resistance to paraquat\u2010induced oxidative stress via the SKN\u20101 pathway in wild\u2010type nematodes. Notably, the proteasome inhibitor MG132 partially reversed HC\u2010EA's anti\u2010paralysis effect, suggesting that its action depends on proteasome activation and SKN\u20101\u2010mediated oxidative stress mitigation. Collectively, HC\u2010EA may attenuate A\u03b2 toxicity by enhancing proteasome activity and antioxidant pathways, offering a potential protective effect against Alzheimer's disease (AD).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202503362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T11:02:39Z","timestamp":1773486159000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Alleviation of A\u03b2\u2010Induced Toxicity by Edible Flower Buds of\n                    <i>Hemerocallis citrina<\/i>\n                    in\n                    <i>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Chun\u2010Min","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry Lanzhou University  Lanzhou P. R. 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