{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T04:09:48Z","timestamp":1791518988707,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp;amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study evaluated the branch, leaf, and fruit extracts of\n                    <jats:italic>Laurus nobilis<\/jats:italic>\n                    collected from Artvin in terms of phenolic composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antidiabetic activities and additionally investigated the binding of selected phenolics to \u03b1\u2010amylase\/\u03b1\u2010glucosidase targets through molecular docking. Using LC\u2013ESI\u2013MS\/MS analysis, 31 phenolic compounds were quantitatively identified, with epicatechin, luteolin\u20107\u2010O\u2010glucoside, and rutin predominating particularly in the branches and leaves. Antioxidant capacity was higher in branches and leaves (total phenolic content [TPC]\/FRAP\/DPPH IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    : branches and leaves, respectively, 95.27\u201360.84\u00a0mg gallic acid equivalent [GAE]\/g, 206.16\u2013162.05\u00a0mg Trolox equivalent [TE]\/g, and 46.95\u2013113.49\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL). Antimicrobial activity was observed within a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range of 1.25\u201310\u00a0mg\/mL; leaves exhibited the strongest effect against\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus cereus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (1.25\u00a0mg\/mL), whereas fruits were most effective against\n                    <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    (1.25\u00a0mg\/mL). In antidiabetic evaluation, fruits yielded the lowest IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    values against \u03b1\u2010amylase and \u03b1\u2010glucosidase (4.31 and 8.97\u00a0mg\/mL, respectively), suggesting a \u201ccomposition\u2010over\u2010quantity\u201d effect despite low total phenolic content. Docking results supported high binding affinities of rutin (\u03b1\u2010glucosidase \u22129.3\u00a0kcal\/mol; \u03b1\u2010amylase \u22128.1\u00a0kcal\/mol) and luteolin (\u22128.6\u00a0kcal\/mol for both enzymes). Overall, although branches and leaves exhibited strong antioxidant profiles, fruits showed more pronounced inhibitory effects on digestive enzymes; therefore, fractionation studies and in vivo\/kinetic validations are recommended.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202503616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T13:12:03Z","timestamp":1770124323000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Phenolic Profiling of\n                    <i>Laurus nobilis<\/i>\n                    by LC\u2013ESI\u2013MS\/MS: In Vitro Bioactivities and In Silico Enzyme Docking"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Funda Er\u015fen","family":"Bak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forest Engineering, Faculty of Forestry Artvin Coruh University  Artvin T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1328-4762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deniz","family":"Canbolat G\u00fcltekin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical\u2010Aromatic Plants Application and Research Center Artvin Coruh University  Artvin T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Health Sciences Karadeniz Technical University  Trabzon T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osman","family":"Akme\u015fe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Gumushane University  Gumushane T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdurrahman","family":"Atalay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Science Avrasya University  Trabzon T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0130brahim","family":"Turan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Gulhane Faculty of Pharmacy University of Health Sciences  Ankara T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erg\u00fcn","family":"G\u00fcltekin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science\u2010Technology Research and Application Center Artvin Coruh University  Artvin T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selim","family":"Demir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Karadeniz Technical University  Trabzon T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y\u00fcksel","family":"Aliyazicioglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Karadeniz Technical University  Trabzon T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25112478"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"H.Michael \u201c(1994\u20102025): World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora \u201d Version 25.12; last update December 21 2025 last accessed January 22 2026 www.worldplants.de."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"325","article-title":"T\u00fcrkiye'de Defne (Laurus nobilis L.) Bitkisinin Durumu","volume":"22","author":"Y\u0131lmaz A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11091209"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21448\/ijsm.1171836"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204\u2010024\u201003696\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases13090309"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jorganchem.2024.123410"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/520464"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19476337.2013.847500"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cccn.2003.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"63","article-title":"The Sources and the Targets of Oxidative Stress in the Etiology of Diabetic Complications","volume":"17","author":"Mohora M.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Romanian Journal of Biophysics"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262\u2010016\u20101821\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157339908786241124"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life12111876"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","article-title":"Phytochemical Compounds as Antibacterial Agents: A Mini Review","volume":"53","author":"Sadeek A. M.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24040804"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","first-page":"136","article-title":"Evaluation of the Volatile Oil Composition and Antiproliferative Activity of Laurus nobilis L. (Lauraceae) on Breast Cancer Cell Line Models","volume":"8","author":"Abu\u2010Dahab R.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Records of Natural Products"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2014.01.122"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pr9101840"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2020.11.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2020.1839450"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2024.104011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2025.152156"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47070\/ijapr.v12i1.3087"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biophysica4020017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2025.1541250"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2005.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.59566\/IJBS.2008.4089"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicines5030093"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2018.01.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010021\u201089437\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods8120646"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","first-page":"2397","article-title":"Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Tunisian Laurus nobilis","volume":"31","author":"Dhifi W.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Anti\u2010Inflammatory Activities of Laurus nobilis Leaf Extracts Using Solvent Fractionation","volume":"9","author":"Layachi N.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Integrative Biomedical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14111717"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559\u2010021\u201001616\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","first-page":"256","article-title":"Bitkisel Kaynakl\u0131 Baz\u0131 Do\u011fal Antimikrobiyaller","volume":"7","author":"\u015eeng\u00fcn \u0130. Y.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology C\u2014Life Sciences and Biotechnology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpha.2015.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics9040140"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21448\/ijsm.1375324"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.3958"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40538\u2010023\u201000396\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202201186"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5344\/ajev.1977.28.1.49"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5264\/eiyogakuzashi.44.307"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf010964p"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","unstructured":"CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) \u201cPerformance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing \u201d 17th Informational Supplement M100\u2010S17 (M2\u2010A7 and M7\u2010A7) (CLSI 2007)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2012.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","first-page":"128","article-title":"In Vitro Studies on Alpha Amylase and Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Selected Plant Extracts","volume":"3","author":"Nair S. S.","year":"2013","journal-title":"European Journal of Experimental Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742\u20104658.2010.07810.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3460201"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471250953.bi0814s24"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Piperazine\u2010Thiophene Hybrid as a Promising SGLT2 Inhibitor: Insights From DFT and Molecular Docking Studies","author":"Ayta\u00e7 \u00d6. G.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Structural Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","unstructured":"D.Syst\u00e8mes Free Download: BIOVIA Discovery Studio Visualizer(Dassault Syst\u00e8mes 2020)."}],"container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbdv.202503616","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cbdv.202503616","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbdv.202503616","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T06:31:25Z","timestamp":1775889085000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cbdv.202503616"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cbdv.202503616"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbdv.202503616","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1612-1872","1612-1880"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1612-1872","type":"print"},{"value":"1612-1880","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-11-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e03616"}}