{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T02:56:03Z","timestamp":1790996163603,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006261","name":"Taif University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp;amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The rising incidence of methicillin\u2010resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (MRSA), especially mecA\u2010positive strains, demands alternative antibacterial strategies. Although\n                    <jats:italic>Moringa oleifera<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010mediated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been reported previously, their activity against genetically confirmed mecA\u2010positive MRSA and their interaction with vancomycin remain insufficiently documented.\n                    <jats:italic>M. oleifera<\/jats:italic>\n                    leaf aqueous extract was used as a reducing and capping agent for green synthesis of AgNPs from 1\u00a0mM AgNO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    . Nanoparticle formation was monitored by visual color change and Ultraviolet\u2013visible (UV\u2013vis) Spectroscopy (300\u2013700\u00a0nm; lambda max 430\u00a0nm), while Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and x\u2010ray diffraction (XRD) were used for structural characterization. Antibacterial activity was assessed by agar well diffusion and broth microdilution against mecA\u2010positive MRSA isolates, and cytotoxicity was evaluated on human dermal fibroblast (HDF) and epithelial cells by 3\u2010(4,5\u2010dimethylthiazol\u20102\u2010yl)\u20102,5\u2010diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Brown colloids formed within 30\u00a0min and showed a distinct surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band at 430\u00a0nm. TEM revealed predominantly spherical particles with sizes of 10\u201328\u00a0nm (mean 15.8 +\/\u2212 3.0\u00a0nm), while XRD confirmed crystalline face\u2010centered cubic silver. The biosynthesized AgNPs produced inhibition zones of 19.1 +\/\u2212 0.7 to 23.0 +\/\u2212 0.9\u00a0mm, compared with 8.3 +\/\u2212 0.5 to 12.0 +\/\u2212 0.6\u00a0mm for the crude extract, and reduced the MIC from 96 +\/\u2212 5.4 ug\/mL for the extract to 12 +\/\u2212 2.1 ug\/mL. The AgNP\u2010vancomycin combination further reduced the mean MIC to 4 +\/\u2212 0.9 ug\/mL and increased the inhibition zone to 26.4 +\/\u2212 1.1\u00a0mm. HDF cell viability remained &gt;79% at 100 ug\/mL for AgNPs and &gt;72% at 100 ug\/mL for Epithelial cells.\n                    <jats:italic>M. oleifera<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010mediated AgNPs showed stronger anti\u2010MRSA activity than the parent extract and enhanced vancomycin activity in vitro.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202503683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T07:03:16Z","timestamp":1777014196000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using\n                    <i>Moringa oleifera<\/i>\n                    and Its Synergistic Antibacterial Activity against\n                    <i>mecA<\/i>\n                    Gene\u2010Carrying Bacteria"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0953-0692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meshari A.","family":"Alsuwat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"\u200f<sup>1<\/sup>Department of Basic Sciences College of Nursing Taif University  Taif Saudi 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