{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T13:05:41Z","timestamp":1785330341866,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The increased resistance of\n                    <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    to antifungal agents highlights the need for the development of novel therapeutics from natural sources. The present study aimed to assess the antifungal activity of four\n                    <jats:italic>Swertia<\/jats:italic>\n                    species (\n                    <jats:italic>S. chirayita, S. purpurascens, S. paniculata and S. cordata<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) using both in vitro and in silico methods. Agar well diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests were used to measure in vitro\u00a0antifungal activity. Gas chromatography\u2012mass spectrometry (GC\u2012MS) analysis was performed to identify phytochemicals, which were subsequently docked against glucosamine\u20106\u2010phosphate N\u2010acetyltransferase (Gna1), an essential enzyme in fungal cell wall biosynthesis. The pharmacokinetics and toxicity of the top candidates were further assessed via absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) analyses. The extract of\n                    <jats:italic>S. paniculata<\/jats:italic>\n                    presented the greatest antifungal activity, followed by that of\n                    <jats:italic>S. chirayita<\/jats:italic>\n                    , whose inhibition diameters were 16.50 \u00b1 0.4\n                    <jats:sup>\u00a0<\/jats:sup>\n                    mm and 13.33 \u00b1 0.47\n                    <jats:sup>\u00a0<\/jats:sup>\n                    mm, respectively, at 80\u00a0mg\/mL. GC\u2012MS profiling revealed epilupeol, \u03b3\u2010sitosterol, and obacunone, which exhibited stronger binding affinities toward Gna1 than amphotericin B, which was used as the positive docking control. ADMET analysis identified fifteen phytochemicals with favorable drug\u2010likeness and safety profiles. Overall, Swertia species exhibit significant antifungal potential and may provide promising lead compounds for antifungal drug development.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.71468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T11:01:37Z","timestamp":1784199697000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In Vitro and In Silico Investigations of Antifungal Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extracts of Various Species of\n                    <i>Swertia<\/i>\n                    Against\n                    <i>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1357-3819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Divyansh","family":"Panthari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany, School of Basic &amp; Applied Sciences Shri Guru Ram Rai University  Dehradun Uttarakhand India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1708-6395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kanchan","family":"Bhardwaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany, School of Basic &amp; Applied Sciences Shri Guru Ram Rai University  Dehradun Uttarakhand India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8851-5300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinita","family":"Gouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology Soban Singh Jeena University Campus  Almora Uttarakhand India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8440-7825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Subhash","family":"Chandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, School of Basic &amp; Applied Sciences Shri Guru Ram Rai University  Dehradun Uttarakhand India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7964-9117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarkar M. 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