{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T13:05:13Z","timestamp":1785330313472,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Essential oils (EOs) are known for their rich chemical diversity and wide\u2010ranging pharmacological properties. This study investigated the chemical profile and antiproliferative mechanism of\u00a0\n                    <jats:italic>Artemisia nilagirica<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0(\n                    <jats:italic>Asteraceae<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) essential oil (ANEO) against human gastric adenocarcinoma cells (AGS and KATO III). Hydrodistillation yielded 0.95% (v\/w) ANEO, with camphor (22.59%), caryophyllene oxide (11.28%), and humulene epoxide II (10.52%) as major constituents. ANEO showed potent, dose\u2010dependent cytotoxicity with IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    values of 23.51\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.39\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL (AGS) and 17.36\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.55\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL (KATO III). Mechanistically, ANEO induced significant oxidative stress, causing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation (up to 11,600\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0580 units in AGS), glutathione depletion, and increased lipid peroxidation (Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) up to 4.00\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.11\u00a0nmol\/mg in AGS and 4.10\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.31\u00a0nmol\/mg in KATO III). This oxidative imbalance triggered mitochondrial\u2010dependent apoptosis, evidenced by cytochrome c release (up to 10,600\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0490\u00a0units in KATO III) and increased apoptotic protease\u2010activating factor\u20101 (Apaf\u20101) expression, leading to effector caspases\u20103\/7 activation. The findings demonstrate that ANEO exerts its anti\u2010gastric cancer effect primarily via ROS\u2010mediated oxidative stress, activating the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.71487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T07:54:08Z","timestamp":1783670048000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chemical Profiling and ROS\u2010Dependent Antiproliferative Activity of\n                    <i>Artemisia nilagirica<\/i>\n                    (C.B.Clarke) Pamp. (\n                    <i>Asteraceae<\/i>\n                    ) Essential Oil in Human Gastric Adenocarcinoma Cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5065-0779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maneesha","family":"Kunnathattil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PG &amp; Research Department of Zoology Govt. College Madappally (Affiliated to University of Calicut)  Calicut India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6232-1665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arunaksharan","family":"Narayanankutty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cell and Molecular Biology PG &amp; Research Department of Zoology St. Joseph's College (Autonomous Affiliated to University of Calicut)  Calicut India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seema","family":"Menon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology KKTM Govt College (Affiliated to University of Calicut)  Pullut India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7157-7796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sangeetha G.","family":"Kaimal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology Providence Women's College (Autonomous Affiliated to University of Calicut)  Calicut India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"443","volume-title":"Microbial Contamination and Food Degradation","author":"Freitas I. 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