{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T13:04:53Z","timestamp":1785330293086,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The rhizomes of white galangal (\n                    <jats:italic>Alpinia galanga<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and red galangal (\n                    <jats:italic>Alpinia purpurata<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) are valued as herbal medicines and pesticides. However, these two plants may exhibit differing bioactivities and side effects due to variations in their metabolite compositions. Differentiating the rhizomes of the two plants in dried, chopped, or powdered form can be challenging, raising concerns about misidentification and fraud. This study aimed to distinguish between the two rhizomes using a pseudo\u2010targeted metabolomics approach integrated with multivariate analysis and MS\/MS spectra\u2010based molecular networking. Metabolites were extracted via ultrasonic treatment in methanol, followed by untargeted LC\u2010MS Q\u2010Orbitrap and pseudo\u2010targeted LC\u2013MS triple quadrupole analyses. Principal component analysis (PCA) effectively separated the two rhizomes and highlighted metabolite features contributing to this separation. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) clustered samples by plant type and location, and also showed differences in metabolite distribution patterns. Molecular networking, interpreted in conjunction with PCA loading scores, revealed distinct molecular cluster patterns. Finally, the study confirmed that differences in metabolite composition and molecular patterns enable accurate differentiation. This approach offers a reliable method for authenticating rhizomes, ensuring herbal quality control, and preventing counterfeiting.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.71508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T18:30:28Z","timestamp":1785263428000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Differentiation of White and Red Galangal Rhizomes by Pseudo\u2010Targeted LC\u2010MS\/MS Metabolomics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Elan","family":"Hernadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences IPB University  Bogor Indonesia"},{"name":"Plant Product Quality Testing Center Indonesia Ministry of Agriculture  Jakarta Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eti","family":"Rohaeti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences IPB University  Bogor Indonesia"},{"name":"Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center IPB University  Bogor Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Widodo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agriculture IPB University  Bogor Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5225-8703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamad","family":"Rafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences IPB University  Bogor Indonesia"},{"name":"Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center IPB University  Bogor Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00217\u2010018\u20103188\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29244\/jji.v6i1.174"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1RA07370B"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2095\u20104964(15)60208\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/wbm.12071"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T. S.Julianto R. U.Permata andA.Setyawati \u201cNatural Fungicide of Red Galangal (Alpinia purpurataK. Schum) Extracts AgainstPhytophthora CapsiciL. on Pepper Plant (Piper nigrumL.) \u201dAIP Conference Proceedings2645 no. 1 (2022): 030024.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/5.0112875.","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0112875"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10343\u2010020\u201000514\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15806\/j.issn.2311\u20108571.2015.0026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-811518-3.00011-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2020.04.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4NP00004H"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1755\u20101315\/292\/1\/012064"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1222195"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745\u20104514.2009.00258.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1875\u20105364(12)60053\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/fst.45622"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"143","article-title":"Alpinia galanga Willd.\u2013 an Overview on Phyto\u2010pharmacological Properties","volume":"1","author":"Chudiwal A. 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