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However, its bioactive compounds remain poorly characterized. This study profiled the phytochemical composition of\n                    <jats:italic>the methanolic extract of E. heterophyllum and explored potential bioactive pathways associated with<\/jats:italic>\n                    metabolic syndrome (MetS). Nontargeted Ultra\u2010High\u2010Performance Liquid Chromatography\u2010Quadrupole Time\u2010of\u2010Flight Mass Spectrometry analysis identified 85 metabolites across seven chemical classes, including flavonoids, phenylpropionic acids, and coumarins. 31 compounds were further analyzed using STITCH, SwissTargetPrediction, and DAVID to construct compound\u2013disease\u2010predicted target networks relevant to MetS\u2010associated inflammatory conditions. This analysis identified 822 compound\u2010target associations and highlighted key disease regulators including AKR1B1, PTGS2, ACE, and PPARA\/PPARG. Flavonoids and phenylpropionic acids showed the highest network connectivity. Our findings indicate that\n                    <jats:italic>E. heterophyllum<\/jats:italic>\n                    interacts with pathways associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin signaling, and lipid metabolism. These data offer a comprehensive phytochemical profile and elucidate the plant's biological significance, laying the groundwork for functional validation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.71609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T17:49:31Z","timestamp":1787680171000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Metabolomics of\n                    <i>Eryngium heterophyllum<\/i>\n                    by UHPLC\u2010QToF\u2010MS and In Silico Insights Into Potential Metabolic Syndrome Targets"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8163-140X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Citlaly","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez\u2010Rodelo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy National Autonomous University of Mexico. Ciudad Universitaria  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura Elisa Moreno","family":"Galv\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy National Autonomous University of Mexico. Ciudad Universitaria  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Estrada\u2010Lugo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Phytotechnics Autonomous University of Chapingo  Texcoco Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8656-9526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bharathi","family":"Avula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy University of Mississippi, University  Mississippi USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ikhlas A.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy University of Mississippi, University  Mississippi USA"},{"name":"Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy University of Mississippi, University  Mississippi USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2858-8710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Navarrete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy National Autonomous University of Mexico. Ciudad Universitaria  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002\u2010020\u201000431\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/MOLECULES28104094"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FNUT.2022.878306"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/2896895"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/MOLECULES28104094"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3176232"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","first-page":"182","article-title":"On the Hypocholesteremic Effect of Eryngium Heterophyllum","volume":"61","author":"Navarrete 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