{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T09:09:02Z","timestamp":1788858542851,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp;amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study focused on optimizing the ultrasound\u2010assisted extraction process for both the peel and pulp of\n                    <jats:italic>Cucumis metuliferus E. Mey. ex Naud<\/jats:italic>\n                    . grown in Tunisia, using response surface methodology. The optimization targeted total phenolics content, total flavonoids content, as well as antioxidant activities evaluated by ferric reducing antioxidant power and 1, 1\u2010diphenyl\u20102\u2010picrylhydrazyl assays. A central composite design was employed to investigate the influence of three key parameters: extraction time, extraction temperature, and liquid\u2010to\u2010solid ratio. The ultrasound\u2010assisted extraction (UAE) parameters were set as follows: extraction time ranging from 6.59 to 23\u00a0min, ultrasound temperature from 33.18\u00b0C to 66.81\u00b0C, and liquid\u2010to\u2010solid ratio from 13.18 to 46.81\u00a0mL\/g. The optimal parameters for pulp extraction were determined to be a 15.76\u2010min extraction time, a temperature of 50.50\u00b0C, and a solvent\u2010to\u2010solid ratio of 30.54\u00a0mL\/g. High\u2010performance liquid chromatography quantification identified gallic, chlorogenic, and caffeic acids as the main phenolic compounds, and the corresponding extracts exhibited potent, dose\u2010dependent anti\u2010inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. This study highlights a sustainable and eco\u2010friendly process that supports the circular economy and offers a promising approach for the industrial production of antioxidant\u2010rich\n                    <jats:italic>Cucumis metuliferus<\/jats:italic>\n                    extracts.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.71624","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T14:36:30Z","timestamp":1787754990000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Eco\u2010Friendly Extraction and Valorization of\n                    <i>Cucumis metuliferus E. Mey. ex Naud<\/i>\n                    . Peel and Pulp: Optimization of Phenolic Recovery and Evaluation of Biological Activities"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Wala Ben","family":"Amor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Organic Chemistry Laboratory LR17ES08, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Chemistry Department University of Sfax  Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8007-1893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hajer","family":"Riguene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organic Chemistry Laboratory LR17ES08, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Chemistry Department University of Sfax  Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wissal","family":"Ayouni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organic Chemistry Laboratory LR17ES08, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Chemistry Department University of Sfax  Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sinine","family":"Choura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax University of Sfax  Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Chamkha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax University of Sfax  Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1436-8685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaima","family":"Mouffouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine University of Batna 2 Mustapha Benboulaid  Batna Algeria"},{"name":"Laboratory of Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry (LCCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Matter Sciences University of Batna 1  Batna Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7704-4093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soumia","family":"Mouffouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry (LCCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Matter Sciences University of Batna 1  Batna Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7979-5007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamada","family":"Haba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry (LCCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Matter Sciences University of Batna 1  Batna Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5179-351X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ridha Ben","family":"Salem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organic Chemistry Laboratory LR17ES08, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Chemistry Department University of Sfax  Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7836-7206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghayth","family":"Rigane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organic Chemistry Laboratory LR17ES08, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Chemistry Department University of Sfax  Tunisia"},{"name":"Faculty of Sciences and Technology of Sidi Bouzid, Department of Physics &amp; 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