{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T09:08:59Z","timestamp":1788858539064,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp;amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using plant\u2010derived phytochemicals offers an environmentally sustainable approach for developing novel antimicrobial agents. In the present study, copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were biosynthesized using aqueous extracts of fresh and dried leaves of\n                    <jats:italic>Grevillea robusta<\/jats:italic>\n                    with 1\u00a0mM copper sulfate under continuous stirring at 80\u00b0C. GC\u2013MS profiling identified several bioactive constituents, including palmitic acid and linolenic acid methyl ester, which may contribute to nanoparticle formation and stabilization. Successful synthesis of stable, crystalline, and well\u2010dispersed CuNPs was confirmed by UV\u2013visible spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM, EDX, and XRD analyses. The biosynthesized CuNPs exhibited broad\u2010spectrum antimicrobial activity against clinically and agriculturally important bacterial (\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae, Acinetobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp., and\n                    <jats:italic>Citrobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp.) and fungal (\n                    <jats:italic>Colletotrichum sp<\/jats:italic>\n                    .,\n                    <jats:italic>Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Alternaria alternata<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) pathogens, with EC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    values ranging from 2.67\u20137.23\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL and 2.85\u201312.65\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL, respectively. Furthermore, CuNPs effectively inhibited biofilm and pellicle formation. Molecular docking demonstrated favorable interactions between selected phytocompounds and microbial target proteins, providing mechanistic support for the observed antimicrobial activity. These findings highlight\n                    <jats:italic>G. robusta<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010mediated CuNPs as promising eco\u2010friendly nanomaterials for future antimicrobial applications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.71632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T14:21:41Z","timestamp":1787754101000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extract of\n                    <i>Grevillea robusta<\/i>\n                    : In Vitro Antimicrobial and In Silico Approach"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Gul","family":"Naz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany Islamia College University Peshawar Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barkat","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany Islamia College University Peshawar Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5584-1912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atta Ur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany Islamia College University Peshawar Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wajih Ud","family":"Din","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany University of Malakand  Chakdara Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arshad","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany Islamia College University Peshawar Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dur\u2010E\u2010Najaf","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Bacha Khan University Charsadda  Charsadda Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9049-8196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samra","family":"Irem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology University of Sargodha  Sargodha Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16091169"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2024.2432012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12247\u2010025\u201010241\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/sasj.2024.396119"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-97-4292-9_10"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41204\u2010024\u201000370\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17121711"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/sci5\/2888408"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11101\u2010024\u201010022\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0001\u20103765202420240436"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S1021443725601727"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003559887"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284\u2010025\u201004064\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1391345"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nano15131023"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","first-page":"292","article-title":"Multitarget Antimicrobial Mechanisms of Plant Extracts: A Review of Harnessing Phytochemicals Against Drug\u2010resistant Pathogens","volume":"19","author":"Al\u2010Arnoot S.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sana'a Univ J Med Health Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","first-page":"191","article-title":"Effect of Some Mineral Nutrients on Vegetative Growth, Chemical Constituents, and Anatomical Structure of + Seedlings","volume":"66","author":"El\u2010Khateeb M. 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