{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T20:58:06Z","timestamp":1790542686593,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp;amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Species of\n                    <jats:italic>Thymus<\/jats:italic>\n                    have long been used in Anatolia for wound healing and skin disorders. This study characterized metabolites and biological activities of four taxa\u2014\n                    <jats:italic>Thymus leucostomus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (TL),\n                    <jats:italic>Thymus sipyleus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (TS),\n                    <jats:italic>Thymus brachychilus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (TB), and\n                    <jats:italic>Thymus migricus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (TM)\u2014using UHPLC\u2010HRMS\/MS\u2010based molecular networking, anti\u2010aging enzyme inhibition assays, and cellular models (L929 fibroblasts, HaCaT keratinocytes, HUVEC endothelial cells). All taxa showed triterpene\u2010rich profiles, though TL was enriched in polymethoxylated flavonoids and TM in diterpenes. Extracts strongly inhibited hyaluronidase, collagenase and elastase, with more modest tyrosinase inhibition; the highest values were recorded for TB (hyaluronidase, 89.64%), TM (elastase, 78.31%), and TL (collagenase, 82.92%; tyrosinase, 39.74%). Biologically, TL demonstrated the broadest cytocompatibility and significantly enhanced wound closure in fibroblast (\u224884.7%) and keratinocyte (\u224871.3%) models. TL and TS achieved nearly complete endothelial wound closure, suggesting potential pro\u2010regenerative effects. TL showed lower cytotoxicity in HaCaT and HUVEC cells (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2248 0.5\u00a0mg\/mL), whereas TM exhibited stronger cytotoxicity in keratinocytes (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2248 0.1025\u00a0mg\/mL). TM moderately increased intracellular ROS levels in L929 fibroblasts, while TL and TS maintained ROS levels closer to control conditions. Overall, TL and TS displayed more balanced in vitro profiles regarding wound closure, oxidative balance, and enzyme inhibition, whereas TM required more cautious concentration\u2010dependent interpretation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.71681","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T10:29:37Z","timestamp":1789036177000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative Phytochemical and Biological Evaluation of Four\n                    <i>Thymus<\/i>\n                    Species From T\u00fcrkiye for Dermocosmetic Applications"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0250-9084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ebru","family":"\u00d6zdemir Nath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmacognosy Alt\u0131nba\u015f University  Istanbul 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\u0130pek","family":"G\u00fcndo\u011fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology Biruni University  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Biruni University Research Center (B@mer) Biruni University  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0248-9519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diren","family":"Ergin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmacognosy Alt\u0131nba\u015f University  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Natural Products Research and Development Center (D\u00dcAGEM) Alt\u0131nba\u015f University  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5341-3456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahsen","family":"\u00c7etin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Istanbul Yeni Yuzyil University  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1789-865X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sefa","family":"S\u00f6nmez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Botany Fenerbah\u00e7e University  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7461-5046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilie","family":"Destandau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry (ICOA) UMR 7311 University of Orl\u00e9ans  Orl\u00e9ans France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"World Flora Online \u201cThymus Mill\u201d (Edinburgh University Press 2024) 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