{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T06:50:06Z","timestamp":1791615006762,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp;amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Salvia sclarea<\/jats:italic>\n                    L. (clary sage) is widely used in Algerian traditional medicine, yet its essential oil from the Edough Mountains (northeastern Algeria) remains poorly characterized. An ethnobotanical survey among 85 informants revealed high recognition (RFC = 0.918) and versatility (UV = 1.671), with predominant uses against digestive, nervous, and gynecological disorders (ICF up to 0.88). Hydrodistillation of the aerial parts yielded 1.90% (w\/w) of a pale\u2010yellow essential oil dominated by oxygenated monoterpenes (68.95%), mainly linalyl anthranilate (47.75%), and linalool (16.24%). The oil showed potent antimicrobial activity (MIC 15.32\u20131000\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL), strong antibiofilm effects (up to 76.02% inhibition), remarkable antioxidant capacity (DPPH EC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 40.38\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL), anti\u2010inflammatory activity (EC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 291.10\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL), and interesting inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase (EC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 64.40\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL) and \u03b1\u2010amylase (EC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 69.49\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL). These findings suggest that the Algerian chemotype of\n                    <jats:italic>S. sclarea<\/jats:italic>\n                    may represent a promising source of bioactive natural compounds. Molecular docking and 100\u00a0ns molecular dynamics simulations elucidated the binding modes and stability of the major constituents in the enzyme active sites. This study validates traditional knowledge and positions the oil as a promising natural resource for managing oxidative stress\u2010related and microbial disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.71811","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T06:24:50Z","timestamp":1791613490000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chemical Composition and Multi\u2010Target Bioactivity of\n                    <i>Salvia sclarea<\/i>\n                    L. Essential Oil From the Algerian Edough Massif: Antimicrobial, Enzyme\u2010Inhibitory, and Molecular Docking Studies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Manel Lina","family":"Djendi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sciences Department of Biochemistry Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology (LMMB) Badji\u2010Mokhtar\u2010Annaba University  Annaba Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4881-4199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chahrazed","family":"Benzaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sciences Department of Biochemistry Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology (LMMB) Badji\u2010Mokhtar\u2010Annaba University  Annaba Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9604-4056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Dekir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sciences Department of Chemistry Badji\u2010Mokhtar\u2010Annaba University  Annaba Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0213-1517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Houssem","family":"Chenna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (CRSP)  Constantine Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fouzia","family":"Trea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sciences Department of Biology Laboratory of Environmental Biosurveillance (LBSE) Badji\u2010Mokhtar\u2010Annaba University  Annaba Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6830-0825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Rahal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sciences Department of Biochemistry Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology (LMMB) Badji\u2010Mokhtar\u2010Annaba University  Annaba Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina Raghad","family":"Klaiaia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sciences Department of Biochemistry Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology (LMMB) Badji\u2010Mokhtar\u2010Annaba University  Annaba Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3564-7934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sa\u011flam","family":"K\u00fcbra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Processing Food Technology Program Istanbul Gelisim Vocational School Istanbul Gelisim University  \u0130stanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13596\u2010019\u201000420\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24065179"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12193385"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867325666180330092607"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants9091242"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hermed.2019.100262"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.03.082"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10040707"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9100991"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules14041438"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.8512"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2015.09.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.00969"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life14121555"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010025\u201012233\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0972060X.2019.1622456"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13193181"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/land13030382"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","first-page":"61","article-title":"Sensibilit\u00e9 \u00c0 L'\u00e9rosion Du Massif Cristallophyllien De L'Edough (Nord\u2010Est Alg\u00e9rien)","volume":"15","author":"Oularbi A.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Synth\u00e8se"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17265\/2161\u20106213\/2015.1\u20102.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17268\/sci.agropecu.2024.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1567205"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-91740-7.00001-3","volume-title":"Essential Oils: Extraction, Characterization and Applications","author":"Hans M.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/jbaar.2024.259473.1030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0972060X.2022.2105662"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S10600\u2010014\u20100893\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29356\/jmcs.v68i4.2288"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29356\/jmcs.v69i3.2168"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-818619-0.00015-0","volume-title":"Molecular Medical Microbiology","author":"Vollmer W.","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bst20230027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010micro\u2010032521\u2010013159"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.13282"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/aim.2013.34045"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","first-page":"39","article-title":"Chemical Composition and Antifungal Activity of Essential Oil of Salvia sclarea L. From Bulgaria Against Clinical Isolates of Candida Species","volume":"2","author":"Hristova Y.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of BioScience and Biotechnology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2221\u20101691(13)60080\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S40529\u2010015\u20100096\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs\u20103888594\/v1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18596\/JOTCSA.463681"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/PDIA.2014.40957"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.430\u2010432.438"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules200711808"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.55779\/nsb16111756"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/JFP\u201020\u2010135"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0972060X.2024.2318339"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07391102.2024.2310773"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.4257878"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2023.2278157"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.3780"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/538940"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.56499\/jppres23.1724_12.1.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195\u2010022\u201000996\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1567205016666190517121140"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10942912.2016.1218893"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hermed.2023.100696"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.1451"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/A\u20100758\u20100188"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0972060x.2024.2324347"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12040677"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.62313\/ijpbp.2022.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28010093"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2023.109467"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcab.2023.102923"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm051256o"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3659432"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10010054"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","unstructured":"CLSI Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 33rd ed.(Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2023)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","unstructured":"CLSI Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 12th ed.(Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2022)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413\u201086702011000400002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2016.1223700"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2025.143317"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines6040107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27207092"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906\u2010016\u20101452\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi701652t"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10822\u2010013\u20109644\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schr\u00f6dinger LLC Schr\u00f6dinger Release 2015\u20102: LigPrep Version 3.4(Schr\u00f6dinger LLC 2015).","DOI":"10.1063\/pt.5.031026"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm0306430"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. J.Bowers E.Chow andH.Xu \"Scalable Algorithms for Molecular Dynamics Simulations on Commodity Clusters \" in Proceedings of the 2006 ACM\/IEEE Conference on Supercomputing(IEEE 2006) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1188455.1188544.","DOI":"10.1145\/1188455.1188544"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_81_1","unstructured":"Schr\u00f6dinger LLC Small\u2010Molecule Drug Discovery Suite 2015\u20101(Schr\u00f6dinger LLC 2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ct900587b"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.467468"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07391102.2020.1757510"}],"container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbdv.71811","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cbdv.71811","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbdv.71811","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T06:24:54Z","timestamp":1791613494000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cbdv.71811"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cbdv.71811"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbdv.71811","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1612-1872","1612-1880"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1612-1872","type":"print"},{"value":"1612-1880","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71811"}}