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While the extract exhibited weak inhibition against AChE (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    : 507.69 \u00b1 17.95\u00a0mg\/mL), it showed relatively greater inhibitory activity against BChE (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    : 22.41 \u00b1 0.49\u00a0mg\/mL). In antioxidant assays, Ult\u2010ER exhibited measurable antioxidant responses, with DPPH and ABTS\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    radical\u2010scavenging capacities of 18.33 \u00b1 0.49 and 119.59 \u00b1 1.86\u00a0mg TE\/L, respectively. Its Fe\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and Cu\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    reducing capacities were 128.51 \u00b1 12.57 and 670.33 \u00b1 11.59\u00a0mg TE\/L, respectively. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 84.80 \u00b1 3.31\u00a0mg GAE\/g and 60.67 \u00b1 2.29\u00a0mg QE\/g, while the total antioxidant capacity was 9.78 \u00b1 0.44\u00a0mg TE\/g and 15.62 \u00b1 1.85\u00a0mg BHAE\/g. In the antibacterial evaluation, Ult\u2010ER at the highest tested concentration of 8\u00a0mg\/mL exhibited inhibitory activity against all tested strains, including\n                    <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC 29212,\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC 25923,\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC 25922, and\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    ATCC 27853, whereas no detectable inhibition was observed at lower concentrations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.71825","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T07:18:11Z","timestamp":1791789491000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In Vitro Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Cholinesterase\u2010Inhibitory Properties of an Aqueous\n                    <i>Euphorbia macroclada<\/i>\n                    Root Extract Obtained by Ultrasound\u2010Assisted Extraction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Abdulkadir","family":"G\u00fcl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Aid and Disaster Management, Faculty of Health Sciences G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane University  G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u0131rat","family":"Y\u0131lmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane University  G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fevzi","family":"Topal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane University  G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0130nan\u00e7","family":"\u00d6zgen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering F\u0131rat University  Elaz\u0131\u011f T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ercan","family":"Aydo\u011fmu\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering F\u0131rat University  Elaz\u0131\u011f T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of North Texas  Denton Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3132-4468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hasan","family":"Arslano\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering \u00c7anakkale Onsekiz Mart University  \u00c7anakkale T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21315\/tlsr2024.35.3.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cbdd.12550"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahr.2022.100077"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20959\/wjpps20217\u201019427"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11030350"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2016.08.104"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15071579"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14348\/molcells.2017.0096"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2011.520702"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2020.108352"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.072"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/slct.202302751"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2023.136334"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahr.2023.100169"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2022.120855"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202300113"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","first-page":"248","article-title":"Acetylcholineterase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Properties of Rhododendron Yedoense Var. 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