{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T12:48:00Z","timestamp":1792068480012,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp;amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    For the first time, the chemical profile and biological activities of Moroccan\n                    <jats:italic>Equisetum ramosissimum<\/jats:italic>\n                    essential oil (EO) were investigated, alongside comparative antioxidant and antimicrobial evaluation of a previously characterized butanolic extract (BE) and molecular docking of selected constituents. Hydrodistillation yielded 0.067% (v\/w, dry weight) EO, characterized by gas chromatography\u2010mass spectrometry (GC\u2010MS) and gas chromatography\u2013flame ionization detection (GC\u2013FID) and dominated by oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, with (+)\u2010pulegone, \u03b3\u2010eudesmol, cyperotundone, viridiflorol, and carvone as major constituents. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2,2\u2010diphenyl\u20101\u2010picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), reducing power, and \u03b2\u2010carotene bleaching assays. The EO exhibited an effective concentration producing an absorbance of 0.5 (EC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) of 50.0\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL in the reducing power assay, whereas the BE showed lower IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    (50% inhibitory concentration) values than the EO in the DPPH and \u03b2\u2010carotene bleaching assays. Antimicrobial testing against 15 microbial strains revealed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 0.19\u201312.5\u00a0mg\/mL, with the lowest values against\n                    <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Candida glabrata<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Molecular docking provided complementary insights into potential interactions of selected major compounds with microbial targets. Overall, these in vitro and in silico findings support further investigation of Moroccan\n                    <jats:italic>E. ramosissimum<\/jats:italic>\n                    through toxicological and in vivo studies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.71853","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T12:00:08Z","timestamp":1792065608000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Moroccan\n                    <i>Equisetum ramosissimum<\/i>\n                    Essential Oil and Butanolic Extract"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2994-0402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saida","family":"Sissi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Excellence in Agrobiotechnology and Bioengineering Agrobiotech Center CNRST\u2010Labeled Research Unit (URL05\u2010 CNRST) Protection and Valorization of Plant Resources Unit Faculty of Sciences Semlalia Cadi Ayyad University  Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilham","family":"Dilagui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy University Hospital Mohamed VI Cadi Ayyad University  Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7660-7197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soukaina","family":"Ouhaddou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Excellence in Agrobiotechnology and Bioengineering Agrobiotech Center CNRST\u2010Labeled Research Unit (URL05\u2010 CNRST) Protection and Valorization of Plant Resources Unit Faculty of Sciences Semlalia Cadi Ayyad University  Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Bellioua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Excellence in Agrobiotechnology and Bioengineering Agrobiotech Center CNRST\u2010Labeled Research Unit (URL05\u2010 CNRST) Protection and Valorization of Plant Resources Unit Faculty of Sciences Semlalia Cadi Ayyad University  Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nabila","family":"Soraa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy University Hospital Mohamed VI Cadi Ayyad University  Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6864-5003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khalid","family":"Bekkouche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Excellence in Agrobiotechnology and Bioengineering Agrobiotech Center CNRST\u2010Labeled Research Unit (URL05\u2010 CNRST) Protection and Valorization of Plant Resources Unit Faculty of Sciences Semlalia Cadi Ayyad University  Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustapha","family":"Larhsini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Excellence in Agrobiotechnology and Bioengineering Agrobiotech Center CNRST\u2010Labeled Research Unit (URL05\u2010 CNRST) Protection and Valorization of Plant Resources Unit Faculty of Sciences Semlalia Cadi Ayyad University  Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Markouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Excellence in Agrobiotechnology and Bioengineering Agrobiotech Center CNRST\u2010Labeled Research Unit (URL05\u2010 CNRST) Protection and Valorization of Plant Resources Unit Faculty of Sciences Semlalia Cadi Ayyad University  Marrakech Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10298\u2010007\u20100265\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/mst.2017.0678"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","volume-title":"WHO Bacterial Priority Pathogens List, 2024: Bacterial Pathogens of Public Health Importance to Guide Research, Development and Strategies to Prevent and Control Antimicrobial Resistance","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12081651"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s44372\u2010025\u201000315\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010026\u201038791\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","volume-title":"Flore Pratique Du Maroc","author":"Fennane M.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43094\u2010021\u201000339\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2011.05.195"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/2210315512666220509115912"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","first-page":"451","article-title":"Evaluation of In Vitro Antioxidant Potential of Methanolic Extracts of the Ferns, Actiniopteris radiata (SW) Link and Equisetum ramosissimum Desf","volume":"2","author":"Paulsamy S.","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy and Life Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/2853543"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2006.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.56782\/pps.209"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5650\/jos.ess25175"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9734\/EJMP\/2016\/24513"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","first-page":"1035","article-title":"Influence of Drying and Extraction Methods on Yield and Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Eucalyptus sargentii","volume":"14","author":"Fathi E.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19240\/njpas.2017.C03"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","first-page":"88","article-title":"The Effect of Post Harvest Drying Methods on the Chemical Composition and Yield of the Essential Oils of Secamone afzelii","volume":"44","author":"Njoku I. S.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of the Chemical Society of Nigeria"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32383\/appdr\/93932"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.09.106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0308\u20108146(99)00247\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.1815"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13192784"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaost.2019.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24132471"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.1045"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099\u20101573(199906)13:4<349::AID\u2010PTR446>3.0.CO;2\u2010Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2014.1498"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/795435"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10102068"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2012.0244"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/znc\u20102006\u20109\u20101003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12393\u2010010\u20109031\u20103"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Application of Clove Essential Oil in Food Industry\u2013A Review","volume":"7","author":"Karunamay S.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Food Technology Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10412905.2022.2074556"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2003.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2008.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfca.2006.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","volume-title":"Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk Susceptibility Tests; Approved Standard\u201412th Ed","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","volume-title":"Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","volume-title":"Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Yeasts; Approved Standard\u20143rd Ed","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2008"}],"container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbdv.71853","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cbdv.71853","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbdv.71853","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T12:00:12Z","timestamp":1792065612000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cbdv.71853"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cbdv.71853"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbdv.71853","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1612-1872","1612-1880"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1612-1872","type":"print"},{"value":"1612-1880","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71853"}}