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It has been demonstrated that peroxisome proliferator\u2010activated receptor\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic> (PPAR<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>) ligand agonists attenuate cardiac hypertrophy through anti\u2010inflammatory effects. The present study investigated the effects of PPAR<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic> agonists on hypercholesterolemia\u2010dependent, renin\u2010angiotensin\u2010system\u2010related cardiac hypertrophy. The findings showed that left ventricular hypertrophy, eminent cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and lipid deposits in myocardium were observed in the rats fed a cholesterol\u2010rich diet for 6 months, while these characteristic pathological alterations and the increase in angiotensin II (ANG II) level and over\u2010expression of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>R) in the left ventricular tissues induced by the cholesterol\u2010rich diet were significantly suppressed to equal extents by rosiglitazone and irbesartan. In contrast, expression of angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>R) was upregulated by these two drugs. In addition, lipid metabolism was markedly improved. The above findings suggest that the cardioprotection of the PPAR<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic> agonist against cardiac hypertrophy evoked by hypercholesterolemia in rats is mediated partially by the improvement of lipid profile, the reduction of ANG II level in the local tissue along with the downregulation of AT<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>R expression, and upregulation of AT<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>R expression. Copyright \u00a9 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.1621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,22]],"date-time":"2009-12-22T12:30:24Z","timestamp":1261485024000},"page":"58-65","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The inhibitory effects of rosiglitazone on cardiac hypertrophy through modulating the renin\u2010angiotensin system in diet\u2010induced hypercholesterolemic 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