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We have used the coculture of immunomagnetically purified osteocytes and primary osteoblasts from both embryonic chick long bone and calvariae to examine these mechanisms. We exploited the fact that purified osteocytes are postmitotic to examine both their effect on proliferation of primary osteoblasts and the role of gap junctions in such communication. We found that chick long bone osteocytes significantly increased basal proliferation of primary osteoblasts derived from an identical source (tibiotarsi). Using a gap junction inhibitor, 18\u03b2\u2010glycyrrhetinic acid, we also demonstrated that this osteocyte\u2010related increase in osteoblast proliferation was not reliant on functional gap junctions. In contrast, osteocytes purified from calvarial bone failed to modify basal proliferation of primary osteoblast, but long bone osteocytes preserved their proproliferative action upon calvarial\u2010derived primary osteoblasts.<\/jats:p><jats:p>We also showed that coincubated purified osteocytes exerted a marked inhibitory action on mechanical strain\u2013related increases in proliferation of primary osteoblasts and that this action was abrogated in the presence of a gap junction inhibitor. These data reveal regulatory differences between purified osteocytes derived from functionally distinct bones and provide evidence for 2 mechanisms by which purified osteocytes communicate with primary osteoblasts to coordinate their activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.3245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,13]],"date-time":"2017-01-13T09:07:20Z","timestamp":1484298440000},"page":"56-65","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Strain uses gap junctions to reverse stimulation of osteoblast proliferation by osteocytes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Rosemary F.L.","family":"Suswillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Biomedical Sciences Royal Veterinary College  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Behzad","family":"Javaheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Biomedical Sciences Royal Veterinary College  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon C.F.","family":"Rawlinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Dentistry, Barts &amp; The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary P.","family":"Dowthwaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Biomedical Sciences Royal Veterinary College  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lance E.","family":"Lanyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Sciences University of Bristol  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew A.","family":"Pitsillides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Biomedical Sciences Royal Veterinary College  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08959374990130012201"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/125.suppl_7.2020S"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650080302"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.9.15.8529841"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(00)00323-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650061212"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(96)00260-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.060504"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2064"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.240550304"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2007.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.13.9001.s101"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(94)90010-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01673415"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650040519"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1996.1131"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.2822"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1999.14.7.1123"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2004.12.087"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M500104200"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","first-page":"122","article-title":"One mechanostat or many? 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