{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T11:02:29Z","timestamp":1782903749687,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,18]],"date-time":"2019-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education (LPDP), Ministry of Finance, Republic of Indonesia"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Biochemistry &amp;amp; Function"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Scar formation is the most common cause for failure of glaucoma filtration surgery because of increased fibroblast proliferation and activation. We have now examined the effect of Y\u201027632, a Rho\u2010associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, on postsurgical scarring formation in human Tenon fibroblasts (HTFs). Collagen gel contraction assay was used to compare contractility activity of Y\u201027632 with several antiglaucoma drugs. Immunofluorescence and western blotting were used to examine expression of scar formation\u2013related factors. We found that Y\u201027632 inhibited collagen gel contraction, as well as \u03b1\u2010smooth muscle actin and vimentin expression; these were promoted by treatment with latanoprost, timolol, or transforming growth factor (TGF)\u2013\u03b2. To investigate the effect of Y\u201027632 in postsurgical scarring, we mimicked TGF\u2010\u03b2 secretion by stimulating HTFs with TGF\u2010\u03b2 prior to Y\u201027632 treatment. HTFs cultured in the presence of TGF\u2010\u03b2 significantly increased gel contraction. In contrast, when HTFs were treated with 10\u03bcM Y\u201027632, contraction was significantly inhibited. Furthermore, Y\u201027632 reduced TGF\u2010\u03b2\u2013induced phosphorylation of mitogen\u2010activated protein kinase signalling. These results suggest that ROCK inhibitors may inhibit fibrosis by inhibiting transdifferentiation of Tenon fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and by inhibiting TGF\u2010\u03b2 signalling after surgery through mitogen\u2010activated protein kinase pathway suppression. These results implicate that ROCK inhibitors may improve outcomes after filtering surgery with a potential antiscarring effect, while latanoprost and timolol may induce fibrosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance of the study<\/jats:title><jats:p>Scar formation is the primary cause of failure after glaucoma filtration surgery. A ROCK inhibitor, Y\u201027632, has been introduced as a novel potential antiglaucoma treatment to reduce intraocular pressure. The aim of our study was to elucidate the effect of Y\u201027632 on scarring formation after glaucoma filtration surgery, in direct comparison with other antiglaucoma drugs. Our findings thus suggested that Y\u201027632 may inhibit fibrosis and improve outcome after glaucoma filtration surgery through inhibition of transdifferentiation of Tenon fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, and the TGF\u2010\u03b2 and MAPK signalling after surgery, while latanoprost and timolol may induce fibrosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.3382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,18]],"date-time":"2019-02-18T04:23:39Z","timestamp":1550463819000},"page":"113-124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["An in vitro study of scarring formation mediated by human Tenon fibroblasts: Effect of Y\u201027632, a Rho kinase inhibitor"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4326-8184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diah Gemala","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual 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