{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:39:18Z","timestamp":1787243958100,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696291200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Biochemistry &amp;amp; Function"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Insulin (INS) resistance is often found in cancer\u2010bearing, but its correlation with cachexia development is not completely established. This study investigated the temporal sequence of the development of INS resistance and cachexia to establish the relationship between these factors in Walker\u2010256 tumor\u2010bearing rats (TB\u00a0rats). INS hepatic sensitivity and INS resistance\u2010inducing factors, such as free fatty acids (FFA) and tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1), were also evaluated. Studies were carried out on Days 2, 5, 8, and\/or 12 after inoculation of tumor cells in rats. The peripheral INS sensitivity was assessed by the\u00a0INS tolerance test\u00a0and the INS hepatic sensitivity in in situ liver perfusion. TB\u00a0rats with 5, 8, and 12 days of tumor, but not 2 days, showed decreased peripheral INS sensitivity (INS resistance), retroperitoneal fat, and body weight, compared to healthy rats, which were more pronounced on Day 12. Gastrocnemius muscle wasting was observed only on Day 12 of tumor. The peripheral INS resistance was significantly correlated (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009\u2212.81) with weight loss. Liver INS sensitivity of TB\u00a0rats with 2 and 5 days of tumor was unchanged, compared to healthy rats. TB\u00a0rats with 12 days of tumor showed increased plasma FFA and increased TNF\u2010\u03b1 in retroperitoneal fat and liver, but not in the gastrocnemius, compared to healthy rats. In conclusion, peripheral INS resistance is early, starts along with fat and weight loss and before muscle wasting, progressive, and correlated with cachexia, suggesting that it may play an important role in the pathogenesis of the cachectic process in TB\u00a0rats. Therefore, early correction of INS resistance may be a therapeutic approach to prevent and treat cancer cachexia.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.3859","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T04:39:10Z","timestamp":1696394350000},"page":"1252-1262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Peripheral insulin resistance is early, progressive, and correlated with cachexia in Walker\u2010256 tumor\u2010bearing rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Hely","family":"de Morais","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences State University of Londrina Londrina Paran\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su\u00e9llen Kathiane Fernandes Vilas","family":"B\u00f4as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences State University of Londrina Londrina Paran\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camila O.","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences State University of Londrina Londrina Paran\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele Romani","family":"Miksza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences State University of Londrina Londrina Paran\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina C. 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