{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T03:06:49Z","timestamp":1792033609224,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Biochemistry &amp;amp; Function"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tartrazine is a yellow colouring agent that is commonly used in foods; however, high dosages of Tartrazine affect fertility and create oxidative stress by generating free radicals. A plant species known as <jats:italic>Stevia rebaudiana<\/jats:italic> has natural antioxidants that show promise for protecting testicular tissue. Consequently, this study was intended to examine the ameliorative effect of the aqueous extract of <jats:italic>S. rebaudiana<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Stevia<\/jats:italic>) on the fertility of male Wistar rats induced by the daily oral intake of Tartrazine. Utilizing gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry, phytochemical identification was accomplished for <jats:italic>Stevia<\/jats:italic> extract. Study groups were separated into several groups: the first group (the control) got distilled water for up to 56 days; the <jats:italic>Stevia<\/jats:italic> group (1000\u2009mg\/kg), the Tartrazine group (300\u2009mg\/kg) and the <jats:italic>Stevia<\/jats:italic> and Tartrazine group (the group was given Tartrazine after 1\u2009h of <jats:italic>Stevia<\/jats:italic> extract intake). Also, the oxidative damage in testicular tissues was assessed by measuring the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidants (catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD] and glutathione reductase [GSH]). Further, histological alterations were examined. In addition, cyclic AMP\u2010responsive element modulator (<jats:italic>Crem)<\/jats:italic> gene expression levels and their relative proteins were measured in the testicular tissues using quantitative real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. Sperm analysis and testosterone concentration were also performed. SPSS version 25 was used for the analysis of results while (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) was regarded as significant. Compared with the control group, the results demonstrated that Tartrazine caused a significant reduction (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) in the testosterone hormone level (0.70\u2009\u00b1\u20090.21) and the Crem protein quantity (1.21\u2009\u00b1\u20090.23) in the treated Tartrazine group. Also, it had a significant decrease (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) in sperm motility, viability, count and antioxidant levels. Moreover, there was a significant increase (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) in sperm abnormalities, MDA level (7.40\u2009\u00b1\u20091.10), kidney and liver function parameters, and DNA degradation in the treated Tartrazine group compared with the control group. On the contrary, the <jats:italic>Stevia<\/jats:italic> extract intake enhanced the testosterone (2.50\u2009\u00b1\u20090.60), antioxidants and Crem protein levels (2.33\u2009\u00b1\u20090.10) with an improvement in sperm quality in the <jats:italic>Stevia<\/jats:italic> and Tartrazine\u2010treated group compared with the Tartrazine group. <jats:italic>Stevia<\/jats:italic> also caused a significant decrease (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) in the MDA level (3.20\u2009\u00b1\u20090.20), and sperm abnormalities with an enhancement of the liver and kidney function parameters in the <jats:italic>Stevia<\/jats:italic> and Tartrazine\u2010treated group compared to the Tartrazine group. <jats:italic>Stevia<\/jats:italic> administration has a protective effect on the testicular tissues and sperm quality against toxicity induced by Tartrazine exposure, so it will be a good antioxidant drug to be administered daily before daily administration of Tartrazine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.3886","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T20:08:50Z","timestamp":1701115730000},"page":"1462-1476","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["The protective effect of aqueous extract of <i>Stevia rebaudiana<\/i> against tartrazine toxicity in male Wistar rat"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8334-7330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Demiana H.","family":"Hanna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Cairo University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvia Nabil","family":"Beshay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Cairo University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"El. Shafee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Cairo University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heba Ali Abd","family":"El\u2010Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science Cairo University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.21608\/zjfm.2020.44386.1064","article-title":"Toxic effects of food azo dye tartrazine on the brain of young male albino rats: role of oxidative stress","volume":"19","author":"Hosieny NA","year":"2021","journal-title":"Zagazig J Forensic Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-015-0032-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Evaluation of acute and chronic toxicity of tartrazine (E102) on steriod reproductive hormones of albino rats","volume":"2","author":"Elekima I","year":"2019","journal-title":"Asian J Res Rep Endocrinol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.1535"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2020.08.014"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"527","article-title":"Toxicological and histopathological studies on the effect of tartrazine in male albino rats","volume":"10","author":"Ali FA","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Pharmacol Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"1473","article-title":"Assessment of a sub\u2010chronic consumption of tartrazine (E102) on sperm and oxidative stress features in Wistar rat","volume":"24","author":"Boussada M","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Food Res J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eaef.2019.01.002"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"51","article-title":"Oxidation and complexation\u2010based spectrophotometric methods for sensitive determination of tartrazine E102 in some commercial food samples","volume":"4","author":"Saleh MMS","year":"2016","journal-title":"ComputChem"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2157-7099.1000346"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03601234.2022.2064676"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"4032","article-title":"Designed a spectrophotometric method for the determination of tartrazine residual in different drinks and foodstuffs by using mandarin leaves\u2010capped gold nanoparticles","volume":"41","author":"Marahel FJIJoC","year":"2022","journal-title":"Iran J Chem Chem Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"82","article-title":"Design of kinetic spectrophotometric method for sensing tartrazine color in real samples using sensor starch\u2010capped ZnSNPs","volume":"17","author":"Ahmadi M","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Appl Chem Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2016.1278453"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","first-page":"247","article-title":"Uses of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana)","volume":"6","author":"Suresh V","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Med Plants Stud"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules21010038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13469"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1217\/1\/012152"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/7161091"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.56557\/ajrib\/2023\/v6i124","article-title":"Renal function biomarker alterations in patients with arterial hypertensionn","volume":"6","author":"Ukpe MP","year":"2023","journal-title":"Asian J Res Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0258115"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","first-page":"731","article-title":"The effects of ethanol and boiled aqueous extracts of Justicia carnea leaves on the male reproductive indices: serum testosterone and seminalysis of male Wistar Albino rats","volume":"13","author":"Nwabunwanne OV","year":"2023","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","first-page":"98","article-title":"Improvement of lead acetate\u2010induced testicular injury and sperm quality deterioration by Solanum anomalum Thonn. ex. 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