{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T17:53:58Z","timestamp":1792518838963,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Biochemistry &amp;amp; Function"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Food\u2010derived bioactive peptides are gaining significant attention as safer, natural alternatives to synthetic drugs for managing hypertension. While research has predominantly focused on angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition, the frequent disconnect between in vitro potency and in vivo efficacy suggests the involvement of alternative molecular mechanisms. This review critically assesses recent literature regarding two pivotal non\u2010ACE inhibitory pathways: the inhibition of renin, the rate\u2010limiting enzyme of the renin\u2010angiotensin system (RAS), and the upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). We examine insights from studies characterizing peptides acting through these pathways and discuss emerging mechanisms such as angiotensin II receptor blockade and the ACE2\/Ang(1\u20107)\/MasR axis. Furthermore, we identify critical knowledge gaps arising from methodological inconsistencies in in vivo assays and the limited number of\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    validation studies. The evidence suggests that antihypertensive food peptides function through multifaceted mechanisms, offering a holistic approach to blood pressure regulation. Future research must prioritize integrated approaches combining\n                    <jats:italic>in silico<\/jats:italic>\n                    , in vivo, and\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    models to bridge existing translational gaps.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.70163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T07:54:11Z","timestamp":1768550051000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Renin Inhibition and eNOS Upregulation as Novel Mechanisms of Antihypertensive Food Peptides"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9397-6357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tolulope Joshua","family":"Ashaolu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health Innovations Duy Tan University Da Nang Vietnam"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine 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