{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T16:25:04Z","timestamp":1772987104541,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769644800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Biochemistry &amp;amp; Function"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The application of nanoparticles (NPs) as therapeutic strategies for treating microbial infections and cancer is gaining attention due to their physicochemical properties. In this study, we synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from the aqueous extract of the roots and leaves of\n                    <jats:italic>Terminalia phanerophlebia<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The physicochemical properties of the synthesized AgNPs were examined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X\u2010ray spectroscopy (SEM\/EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X\u2010ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The AgNPs were studied for their antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. The AgNPs synthesized from\n                    <jats:italic>T. phanerophlebia<\/jats:italic>\n                    root (R\u2010AgNPs) and leaf (L\u2010AgNPs) showed spherical and cubic nanoparticles with average sizes of 46 and 41\u2009nm, respectively. The R\u2010AgNPs and leaf L\u2010AgNPs also demonstrated antimicrobial activities against selected bacterial isolates, including\n                    <jats:italic>Vibrio parahemolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and multidrug\u2010resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and fungal isolates, including\n                    <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Cryptococcus neoformans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , with L\u2010AgNPs showing the highest zone of inhibition against MRSA (29.33\u2009mm) at 1\u2009mg\/mL. Cell viability assay showed that R\u2010AgNPs demonstrated a better cytotoxic effect against HepG2 cells (IC50\u2009=\u200940.78\u2009\u00b5g\/mL), while L\u2010AgNPs demonstrated a better toxicity against MCF\u20107 cells (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    of 39.89\u2009\u00b5g\/mL). The nanoparticles exhibited lower cytotoxicity toward HEK293 cells compared to the cancer cell lines. The nanoparticles also induced apoptosis in HepG2 and MCF\u20107 cells.\n                    <jats:italic>T. phanerophlebia<\/jats:italic>\n                    AgNPs show potential as antimicrobial and anticancer agents and could be explored as sustainable alternatives due to their antibacterial, antifungal, antiproliferative, and apoptosis\u2010inducing effects against HepG2 and MCF\u20107 cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.70172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T11:35:44Z","timestamp":1769686544000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Characterization, Antimicrobial, and Antiproliferative Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using\n                    <i>Terminalia phanerophlebia<\/i>\n                    Engl. &amp; Diels"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3262-2694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Folasade O.","family":"Banji\u2010Onisile","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu\u2010Natal Durban KwaZulu\u2010Natal South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nneka A.","family":"Akwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indigenous Knowledge Systems Centre, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences North\u2010West University Mmabatho Northwest South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0379-3838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tosin A.","family":"Olasehinde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu\u2010Natal Durban KwaZulu\u2010Natal South Africa"},{"name":"Food Technology Department Nutrition and Toxicology Division, Federal Institute of Industrial Research Oshodi Lagos Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ademola O.","family":"Olaniran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu\u2010Natal Durban KwaZulu\u2010Natal South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S127799"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-008-3204-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/zpch-2023-0375"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10895-023-03556-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11434-011-4747-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jestch.2025.101974"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mog2.67"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2015.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12010-022-03963-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2019.111556"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics9040181"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2012.07.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S121956"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2017.09.163"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c4ta06226d"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.Kaul S.Gupta S.Sharma andM. 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Hypericum Perforatum L. \u2010Mediated Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Exhibiting Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities.","DOI":"10.3390\/nano11020487"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2025.107766"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40486-021-00131-6"}],"container-title":["Cell Biochemistry and Function"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbf.70172","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cbf.70172","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbf.70172","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T10:49:12Z","timestamp":1772966952000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cbf.70172"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cbf.70172"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbf.70172","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0263-6484","1099-0844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0263-6484","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0844","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70172"}}