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This pathway can be activated by sensing abnormal DNA, and is of great significance for resisting the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms and maintaining tissue homeostasis. In addition, the cGAS\u2010STING pathway plays a dual role in cancer, and oncogenic viruses can cause cell carcinogenesis in the body through multiple mechanisms, thereby affecting human health. This manuscript reviews the vital role of cGAS\u2010STING in the immune process, as well as the fact that viruses causing human tumor lesions can activate cGAS\u2010STING, leading to virus inhibition and further preventing the occurrence and development of related cancers, and the paradoxically promoted progression of related cancers by viruses through cGAS\u2010STING. 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