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However, whether Dkk1 impacts the pathogenesis of OPLL has not been reported. This study is to investigate the role of Dkk1 in the development of OPLL. Our results show that the serum levels of Dkk1 are decreased in OPLL patients compared with non\u2010OPLL controls. The expression of Dkk1 is also reduced in OPLL ligament cells. Downregulation of Dkk1 in ligament cells is associated with activation of the Wnt\/\u03b2\u2010catenin signaling, as indicated by stabilized \u03b2\u2010catenin and increased T\u2010cell factor\u2010dependent transcriptional activity. Functionally, Dkk1 exerts a growth\u2010inhibitory effect by repressing proliferation but promoting apoptosis of ligament cells. Dkk1 also suppresses bone morphogenetic protein 2\u2010induced entire osteogenic differentiation of ligament cells, and this suppression is mediated via its inhibition of the Wnt pathway. Our results demonstrate for the first time that Dkk1 acts as an important negative regulator in the ossification of the PLL. Targeting the Wnt pathway using Dkk1 may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of OPLL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.11452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,22]],"date-time":"2020-08-22T14:11:32Z","timestamp":1598105492000},"page":"2450-2458","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Dkk1 acts as a negative regulator in the osteogenic differentiation of the posterior longitudinal ligament cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Shangdong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University Jinan Shandong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiqiang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Shangdong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First 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