{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T08:43:05Z","timestamp":1773823385891,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]],"date-time":"2020-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Biology International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitamin D deficiency is associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI);\u00a0thus we aimed to explore improvement effects of 1,25\u2010dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD3) on the AMI and its potential mechanism. AMI models were constructed using male C57\/BL6J mice and randomly treated with normal saline or VD3, using sham rats as control. Heart functions, myocardial damage, apoptosis, and inflammation were evaluated. Cardiomyocytes isolated from 3\u2010day\u2010old suckling mice were used for in vitro verification. After VD3 treatment, AMI\u2010induced cardiac dysfunction was reversed with better cardiac function parameters. VD3 treatment reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and myocardial infarction area accompanied by the reduction of inflammatory factors and myocardial infarction markers compared with the AMI group. VD3 treatment obviously alleviated AMI\u2010induced myocardial apoptosis, along with Bcl\u20102 upregulation and downregulation of caspase\u20103, caspase\u20109, and Bax. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that VD3 enhanced the expression of LC3II and Beclin\u20101 and decreased soluble p62. Furthermore, VD3 enhanced the AMI\u2010caused inhibition of PI3K, p\u2010AKT, and p\u2010mTOR expression, which was conversely reversed by the addition of 3\u2010methyladenine in vitro. The study highlights the improvement effects of VD3 on cardiac functions. We proposed a potential mechanism that VD3 protects against myocardial damage, inflammation, and apoptosis by promoting autophagy through PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.11495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]],"date-time":"2020-11-04T14:18:17Z","timestamp":1604499497000},"page":"394-403","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Autophagy participates in the protection role of 1,25\u2010dihydroxyvitamin D3 in acute myocardial infarction via PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR pathway"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Yun\u2010Xia","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang Hebei China"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Shijiazhuang HuaYao Hospital  Shijiazhuang Hebei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9444-3640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shi\u2010Min","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang Hebei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuan\u2010Yuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang Hebei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang Hebei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming\u2010Yu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Shijiazhuang HuaYao Hospital  Shijiazhuang Hebei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun\u2010Xiao","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Shijiazhuang HuaYao Hospital  Shijiazhuang Hebei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xian\u2010Ce","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Shijiazhuang HuaYao Hospital  Shijiazhuang Hebei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Shijiazhuang HuaYao Hospital  Shijiazhuang Hebei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01506.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5603\/CJ.2016.0104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2015-307691"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-1596-8-84"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12712-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2008.07.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.10540"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep29401"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1074248414539564"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2014.28"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:APPT.0000038035.75845.ab"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2010.09.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.5655"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.111.098145"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719114537721"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-13-78"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000445577"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.706127"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2011.01.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.07.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2014.355"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2004.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2011.01323.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4330\/wjc.v9.i1.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2013.5359"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.29.6.691"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.113.301241"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-010-0512-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HCO.0000000000000675"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.2.992"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2012.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2016.73"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00075.2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00327"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.7.2.14074"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2012.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-213648"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02367"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2017.161"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2017.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2017.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.01.073"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118582"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0112891"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2017.08.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2016.2615"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","first-page":"2630","article-title":"The role of 1,25\u2010dyhydroxyvitamin D3 in mouse liver ischemia reperfusion injury: Regulation of autophagy through activation of MEK\/ERK signaling and PTEN\/PI3K\/Akt\/mTORC1 signaling","volume":"7","author":"Yang J.","year":"2015","journal-title":"American Journal of Translational Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-019-0480-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2014.5887"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-05993-9"}],"container-title":["Cell Biology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbin.11495","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cbin.11495","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbin.11495","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]],"date-time":"2023-09-03T12:29:15Z","timestamp":1693744155000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cbin.11495"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cbin.11495"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbin.11495","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1065-6995","1095-8355"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1065-6995","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-8355","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-06-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-31","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}