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Exosomes are 30\u2013100\u2009nm in diameter that are released from viable cells and are different from other secreted vesicles such as apoptotic bodies and microvesicles in their origin and contents such as RNAs, proteins, and nucleic acid. The recent advances in exosome\u00a0research have demonstrated the role of these bionanovesicles in the physiological, pathological, and molecular aspects of the heart.\u00a0The results of in vitro and preclinical models have shown that exosomes from different cardiac cells can improve cardiac function following MI. For example, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) containing exosomes can affect the proliferation, survival, and differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes. Moreover, MSCs\u2010 and CPCs\u2010derived exosomes can enhance the migration of endothelial cells. Exosome\u2010based therapy approaches augment the cardiac function by multiple means, such as reducing fibrosis, stimulation of vascular angiogenesis, and proliferation of cardiomyocytes that result in replacing damaged heart tissue with newly generated functional\u00a0myocytes. 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