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It is important to prevent cardiac fibrosis during myocardial injury. The transcription factor Prrx1 is involved in cancer\u2010associated fibrosis and other organ fibrosis. However, the role and mechanism of Prrx1 in cardiac fibrosis deserves further exploration. We identified that overexpressed Prrx1 promoted the proliferation and migration of cardiac fibroblasts, and transform cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts in vitro. We demonstrated that the expression of Prrx1 is upregulated in TGF\u2010\u03b21\u2010treated fibroblasts. And silencing Prrx1 could attenuate cardiac fibrosis induced by TGF\u2010\u03b21 in vitro. In addition, a Twist1\u2010paired\u2010related homeobox 1\u00a0(Prrx1)\u2010tenascin\u2010C\u00a0(TNC) positive feedback loop (PFL) combined with Twist1, Prrx1, and TNC activated fibroblasts, which was the mechanism the Prrx1 in cardiac fibrosis. In conclusion, our findings showed that the deficiency of Prrx1 attenuated cardiac fibrosis in vitro and reveal a novel Twist1\u2010Prrx1\u2010TNC PFL in the regulation of cardiac fibrosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.11944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,23]],"date-time":"2022-10-23T19:14:45Z","timestamp":1666552485000},"page":"167-177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The paired\u2010related homeobox protein 1 promotes cardiac fibrosis via the Twist1\u2010Prrx1\u2010tenascin\u2010C loop"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6784-8354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fengyuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute Wuhan University Wuhan 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