{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T16:41:51Z","timestamp":1787503311222,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]],"date-time":"2023-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Biology International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Breast cancer is one of the most serious and deadly cancers in women worldwide, with distant metastases being the leading cause of death. Tn antigen, a tumor\u2010associated carbohydrate antigen, was frequently detected in breast cancer, but its exact role in breast cancer metastasis has not been well elucidated. Here we investigated the impact of Tn antigen expression on breast cancer metastasis and its underlying mechanisms. The expression of Tn antigen was induced in two breast cancer cell lines by deleting T\u2010synthase or Cosmc, both of which are required for normal O\u2010glycosylation. It showed that Tn\u2010expressing cancer cells promoted epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastatic features as compared to Tn(\u2212) control cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that cancer susceptibility candidate 4 (CASC4), a heavily O\u2010glycosylated protein, was significantly downregulated in both Tn(+) cells. Overexpression of CASC4 suppressed Tn\u2010induced activation of EMT and cancer metastasis via inhibition of Cdc42 signaling. Furthermore, we confirmed that O\u2010glycosylation is essential for the functional role of CASC4 because defective O\u2010glycosylated CASC4 (mutant CASC4, which lacks nine O\u2010glycosylation sites) exerted marginal metastatic\u2010suppressing effects in comparison with WT CASC4. Collectively, these data suggest that Tn\u2010mediated aberrant O\u2010glycosylation contributes to breast cancer metastasis via impairment of CASC4 expression and function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.12077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]],"date-time":"2023-07-26T09:19:56Z","timestamp":1690363196000},"page":"1854-1867","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Tn antigen promotes breast cancer metastasis via impairment of CASC4"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Ruijun","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao\u2010Yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xichen","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao\u2010Yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shibin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao\u2010Yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyu","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao\u2010Yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao\u2010Yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao\u2010Yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0675-0163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tao","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao\u2010Yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Ru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Chao\u2010Yang Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.7400705"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BST20170483"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a036905"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.201300387"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2021.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-013-1857-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S234735"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-020-02893-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-019-1146-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cwab123"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113774"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2016.492"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-015-0386-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/CBM-130375"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200711151"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-2345"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201002313"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prca.201300024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom2040435"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","first-page":"613","article-title":"The role of TF\u2010 and Tn\u2010antigens in breast cancer metastasis","volume":"31","author":"K\u00f6lbl A. 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