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However, reperfusion by thrombolysis will lead to the rapid activation of microglia cells which induces interferon\u2010inflammatory response in the ischemic brain tissues. Panax quinquefolium saponins (PQS) has been proven to be effective in acute ischemic stroke, but there is no unified understanding about its specific mechanism. Here, we will report for the first time that PQS can significantly inhibit the activation of microglia cells in cerebral of MCAO rats via activation of Nrf2\/miR\u2010103\u20103p\/TANK\u00a0axis. Our results showed that PQS can directly bind to Nrf2 protein and inhibit its ubiquitination, which result in the indirectly enhancing the expression of TANK protein via transcriptional regulation on miR\u2010103\u20103p, and finally to suppress the nuclear factor kappa\u2010B dominated rapid activation of microglial cells induced by oxygen\u2013glucose deprivation\/reoxygenation\u00a0\u00a0vitro and cerebral ischemia\u2010reperfusion injury in vivo. In conclusion, our study not only revealed the new mechanism of PQS in protecting against the inflammatory activation of microglia cells caused by cerebral ischemia\u2010reperfusion injury, but also suggested that Nrf2 is a potential target for development of new drugs of ischemic stroke. More importantly, our study also reminded that miR\u2010103\u20103p might be used as a prognostic biomarker for patients with ischemic stroke.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.12100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T04:46:02Z","timestamp":1698381962000},"page":"201-215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Panax quinquefolium saponins attenuates microglia activation following acute cerebral ischemia\u2010reperfusion injury via Nrf2\/miR\u2010103\u20103p\/TANK pathway"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Xuesong","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Shanghai Pudong New Area 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