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Artesunate (ART) is a bioactive compound with anti\u2010inflammatory and anti\u2010fibrosis properties. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of ART on X\u2010ray\u2010induced injury of submandibular gland (SMG) epithelial cells in rats. Second\u2010generation SMG epithelial cells were randomly divided into five groups: natural control group (NC), irradiated group (IR), and irradiated groups treated with ART at concentrations of 5, 10, and 20\u2009\u03bcM. Cells were harvested 48\u2009h postirradiation for analysis. The results demonstrated that ART attenuated the damage to AQP5, a crucial indicator of salivary gland function, as evidenced by the decreased expression of AQP5 at both mRNA and protein levels. Additionally, ART decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines: IL\u20106 and TNF\u2010\u03b1. TUNEL staining revealed reduced apoptosis in the ART groups, particularly the IR\u2009+\u200910\u2009\u03bcM group. RT\u2010PCR and Western blot analysis of apoptosis cytokines Bax\/Bcl\u20102 and Caspase\u20103 confirmed these findings. Furthermore, ART inhibited the expression of NF\u2010\u03baB at both mRNA and protein levels. In conclusion, these results suggest that ART may reduce inflammation and apoptosis in SMG epithelial cells following radiation by inhibiting the NF\u2010\u03baB pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.12261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T12:33:44Z","timestamp":1732797224000},"page":"250-261","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Artesunate alleviates radiation\u2010induced submandibular gland epithelial cell damage in rats by reducing inflammation and apoptosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3549-3257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuchen","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College &amp; Hospital of Stomatology Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi 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