{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T04:43:07Z","timestamp":1741754587182,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Biology International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Leishmaniases affect millions of people around the world, caused by <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> parasites. <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> are transmitted by female sandflies from Phlebotominae subfamily during their blood meals. In mammals, promastigotes are phagocytosed mainly by macrophages, differentiate into amastigotes and multiply. For entry and survival in macrophages, <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> uses virulence factors such as surface glycoconjugates. Sialic acids (Sias) are found in terminal portions of glycoconjugates and play important roles in human pathogens. The importance of Sias was explored only in <jats:italic>L. (L.) donovani<\/jats:italic>, associated with visceral leishmaniasis in Africa, Asia and Europe. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize Sias of <jats:italic>Leishmania (L.) amazonensis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Leishmania (L.) infantum<\/jats:italic>, related to cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis in South America, respectively. For that, we analyzed by HPLC\u2010FLD the Sias of promastigotes of <jats:italic>L. (L.) amazonensis<\/jats:italic> LV79 and two <jats:italic>L. (L.) infantum<\/jats:italic> strains, and of <jats:italic>L. (L.) amazonensis<\/jats:italic> axenic amastigotes and amastigotes from paw lesions of infected mice. To evaluate Sias importance in promastigotes, we treated stationary phase parasites with sialidase and infected murine and human macrophages. We detected <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010Acetylneuraminic Acid in promastigotes of all strains, with greater abundance in <jats:italic>L. (L.) infantum<\/jats:italic>. We identified <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010Acetylneuraminic Acid and <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010Glycolylneuraminic acid in amastigotes recovered from paw lesion, but only <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010Acetylneuraminic Acid in axenic amastigotes. Promastigotes treated with sialidase infected less macrophages than parasites displaying total Sias. Our results demonstrate that Sias vary between <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> species and between <jats:italic>L. (L.) amazonensis<\/jats:italic> life stages and plays an important role in macrophage infection by <jats:italic>L. (L.) amazonensis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>L. (L.) infantum<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.12269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T10:36:57Z","timestamp":1736246217000},"page":"357-364","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<i>Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis<\/i> and <i>Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum<\/i> sialic acids enhance macrophage infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6280-7174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tain\u00e1","family":"Cavalcante","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Leishmaniasis, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences University of S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f4nio Moreira","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GlycoProteomics Laboratory, 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Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7711-1054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruna Cunha","family":"de Alencar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cell Biology of Immune System, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences University of S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Palmisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GlycoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences University of S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering Macquarie University Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7661-3311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz 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