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The unique lifecycle of these cells\u2014which involves switching between vegetative and development phases\u2014makes\n                    <jats:italic>Dictyostelium<\/jats:italic>\n                    a reliable model for investigations in this field. The ability to switch between these phases depends mainly on the availability of nutrients. Specifically, the vegetative phase of\n                    <jats:italic>Dictyostelium<\/jats:italic>\n                    cells is initiated when food is plentiful. This phase is characterized by the unicellular form of this organism, in which it is able to hunt for bacteria and actively divide by mitosis. However, when nutrients are depleted, certain cellular signals are activated that stimulate the development phase, which commences with cell chemotaxis toward cyclic AMP to form aggregates. Based on previously collected data, aggregation\u2010regulating signals in\n                    <jats:italic>Dictyostelium<\/jats:italic>\n                    are thoroughly explained herein. Heterotrimeric G protein signals and downstream effectors are thought to be included in this paradigm, as blocking these signals leads to the aggregation\u2010minus phenotype. Recently,\n                    <jats:italic>Dictyostelium<\/jats:italic>\n                    was used to detect the effect of natural products, some of which caused a noticeable delay of the aggregation stage. However, no clear evidence has been obtained that explains why aggregation is delayed or the science behind this phenomenon. This review provides insights into regulatory factors, beyond the key aggregation regulators, that possibly contribute to the aggregation\u2010delayed phenotype of\n                    <jats:italic>Dictyostelium<\/jats:italic>\n                    cells. The discussion in this review will enhance understanding of the importance of divalent cations\/ions in this phenotype.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.70204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T10:54:16Z","timestamp":1788260056000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Insights Into Aggregation\u2010Delayed Phenotype of\n                    <i>Dictyostelium discoideum<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8079-4167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah Abdulaziz","family":"Alamer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science King Faisal University Al\u2010Ahsa Saudi 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