{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T12:05:16Z","timestamp":1789733116405,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Biology International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The development of tuberculosis (TB) is dictated by a complicated interplay between antimicrobial defense and host\u2010mediated immunopathology. Neutrophils are known to exhibit striking functional plasticity with phenotypes associated with both bacterial containment and tissue damage. However, the mechanisms that connect the granuloma microenvironment to neutrophil fate remain poorly understood. This review aims to fill this gap by integrating emerging evidence that defines immunometabolic adaptation as a key determinant of neutrophil plasticity in TB. The core of this analysis delineates how the spatially organized granuloma characterized by hypoxia, nutrient limitation, iron dysregulation, and extracellular acidosis imposes metabolic pressures that remodel neutrophil function. Environmental signals converge on regulatory networks, including HIF\u20101\u03b1, mTOR\/AMPK signaling, glycolytic pathways, the pentose phosphate pathway, and redox control systems, thereby affecting the switch between antimicrobial activity and pathological inflammation. This paradigm presents metabolic rewiring as a potentially important determinant of neutrophil fate in TB and offers a mechanistic view of how protective antimicrobial programs could evolve into dysfunctional states characterized by excessive NETosis, matrix destruction, ferroptotic stress, and tissue injury. Ultimately, a better understanding of these metabolic checkpoints may provide opportunities for the development of host\u2010directed therapeutic approaches to enhance protective neutrophil functions while limiting immunopathology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.70205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T11:02:51Z","timestamp":1788260571000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Immunometabolic Control of Neutrophil Plasticity in Tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3701-3801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khaldoun","family":"Hamdan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nursing, Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al\u2010Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasur","family":"Rizaev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Healthcare Management Rector, Samarkand State Medical University Samarkand Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dhara N.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy, Gokul Global University Sidhpur India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swayamsidha","family":"Mangaraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endrocrinology IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha \u2018O\u2019 Anusandhan Bhubaneswar India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5992-0041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed Faisal","family":"Mutee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Alnoor University Mosul Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Urazbaeva","family":"Yulduz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Mamun University Khiva Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erdonov","family":"Bekmurod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology and Exact Sciences Termez University of Economics and Service Termez Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Shefali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University Mohali India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines11030631"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2026.102786"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-023-01523-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2024.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14070848"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12464"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-22-0121"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/jimr\/3037744"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22094801"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20250466"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241411385"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01139-20"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1282653"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.05.05.722986"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1012500"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2026.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-032-12166-0_21"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13092076"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-015-1415-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1011847"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00527"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jleuko\/qiae057"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.16170"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femsml\/uqaf040"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10092406"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00832"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13030597"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-022-00980-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2015-207604"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2020.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.712457"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21010287"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4110\/in.2020.20.e46"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00520"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20161855"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aav3249"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2011.04381.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00057-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10101740"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01790"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-025-01988-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.624607"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-015-0537-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom15050709"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1575133"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/ftubr.2024.1438406"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2019.00105"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02761"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz064"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jleuko\/qiae025"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aam6641"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002614"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12252"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2018.00291"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1508909"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3412"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S517034"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00140913"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/8619307"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.107.145573"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_63_1","volume-title":"Improving Societal Systems to End Tuberculosis","author":"Matuku\u2010Kisaumbi P.","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13489"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2025.2511074"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.850416"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jimmun\/vkaf010"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.13157"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00962"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.59298\/IDOSR\/JST\/26\/113.4045"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14060670"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23073512"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_73_1","first-page":"610","article-title":"Neutrophil and Macrophage Response to Hypoxia in the Context of Inflammatory and Infectious Diseases","volume":"12","author":"Mu\u00f1iz\u2010Buenrostro A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical & Cellular Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1422836"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2023.109289"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00246.2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab729"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004917"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201311-2106PP"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-29659-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40545-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.5c00182"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12102238"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02296"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01438-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2021.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12060839"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.901590"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13131"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20061350"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1012188"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.001060"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2026.1731687"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep18176"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20110278"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix322"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1408316"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.826515"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/6465182"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-023-00863-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1549572"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1334205"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox15010055"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2024.102508"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e27940"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-017-2785-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm6020015"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3901"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_110_1","volume-title":"Global Tuberculosis Report 2025","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1750743"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jleuko\/qiaf144"}],"container-title":["Cell Biology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbin.70205","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cbin.70205","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbin.70205","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T11:35:43Z","timestamp":1789731343000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cbin.70205"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":111,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cbin.70205"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbin.70205","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1065-6995","1095-8355"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1065-6995","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-8355","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-06-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-21","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70205"}}