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With the exception of welfare payments, these measures were also independently associated with longer (27\u2009+\u2009days) incarceration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The socioeconomic associates of incarceration history were unexpected, and in line with other, differently conducted studies. The fact that only substance misuse disorders of all those assessed were independently associated with incarceration history was a surprise, given the multiplicity of prison surveys, which have shown higher rates of other serious mental disorders. Although we were unable to include measures of schizophrenia or similar psychosis and used impulse control disorders as surrogates for personality disorder, absence of a relationship between depression and incarceration when measured in the same way and over the same time among those previously incarcerated and those not, raises questions about the weight that should be put on the existing epidemiological perspective of mental disorder among prisoners. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbm.1875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,24]],"date-time":"2013-07-24T15:07:13Z","timestamp":1374678433000},"page":"18-35","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Psychiatric correlates of past incarceration in the national co\u2010morbidity study replication"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Greg A.","family":"Greenberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"VA New England Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center, VAMC West Haven, CT; Lecturer Yale University Department of Psychiatry  New Haven CT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Rosenheck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA New England Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center, West Haven, CT; Professor Department of Psychiatry and Yale University School of Epidemiology and Public Health  New Haven CT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"222","volume-title":"Correlates, and Consequences","author":"Abram KM","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.46.10.1036"},{"issue":"424","key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Mental health in prison populations. 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