{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:48:15Z","timestamp":1789606095470,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,19]],"date-time":"2017-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1508371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000384","name":"Higher Education Funding Council for England","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RR4809"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RR4809"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000384","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000824","name":"Home Office","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000824","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000384","name":"Higher Education Funding Council for England","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000384","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Criminal Behav Ment Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are three commonly used mental health interventions associated with policing: liaison and diversion, street triage and having specialist staff embedded in police contact control rooms. Crisis intervention teams (CITs), already used in the USA, are now attracting wider interest, including in the UK. Investment in these interventions is growing, so it is important to have evidence of their effectiveness.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To conduct a systematic literature review to answer questions about effectiveness of police\u2010mental health service models for responding to people with mental disorder and suspected offending or public safety problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A population\/participant, intervention\/indicator, comparator\/control, outcome (PICO) framework was developed and keywords used to locate research studies within 29 databases. The 3179 results returned were screened by two researchers against preset inclusion and exclusion criteria. This resulted in 23 studies being included from which were taken the study methodology and findings and on which a narrative synthesis was conducted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010three studies could be included, overall showing a positive impact of the interventions considered, but no well\u2010designed randomised controlled trials to test this optimistic view rigorously.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, rather than indicating that one approach is more effective than another, the review points to the need for a multi\u2010faceted approach within a structured and integrated model, such as the CIT model. This is generally not the current pattern of interventions, and policy makers, service commissioners and providers may wish to review future options. Copyright \u00a9 2017 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbm.2058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,20]],"date-time":"2017-10-20T04:46:43Z","timestamp":1508474803000},"page":"108-119","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Effectiveness of current policing\u2010related mental health interventions: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2397-5460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eddie","family":"Kane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health and Justice, Institute of Mental Health University of Nottingham  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6673-4953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Nottingham  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9687-8560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farhad","family":"Shokraneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Mental Health University of Nottingham  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10488-007-0153-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/PIJPSM-04-2014-0035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bsl.605"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bsl.883"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201300053"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbp146"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","volume-title":"The Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) Model of Collaboration between Law Enforcement and Mental Health","author":"Compton MT","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","volume-title":"Increasing Collaboration between Corrections and Mental Health Organizations: Orange County Case Study","author":"Council of State Governments Justice Center","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0887403414554997"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"338","article-title":"Police response to mental health emergencies \u2013 Barriers to change","volume":"28","author":"Dupont R","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/police\/pav018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14789949.2015.1045428"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07418820000096311"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0160-2527(97)00011-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10439463.2013.784287"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-017-0478-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371005501005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.53.10.1266"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0011128710372456"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/13639510510614573"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","volume-title":"At Risk, yet Dismissed: The Criminal Victimisation of People with Mental Health Problems","author":"Pettitt B","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01064041"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","volume-title":"Street Triage: Report on the Evaluation of Nine Pilot Schemes in England","author":"Reveruzzi B","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.2009.60.6.766"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.51.9.1153"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bsl.640"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","volume-title":"Police Response to Emotionally Disturbed Persons: Analyzing New Models of Police Interactions with the Mental Health System","author":"Steadman HJ","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.51.5.645"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.52.2.219"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0887403414556289"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.57.2.232"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","volume-title":"Police, Ambulance and Clinical Early Response (PACER) Evaluation, Final Report to Department of Health, Victoria","author":"The Allen Consulting Group","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10488-009-0236-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2011.07.008"}],"container-title":["Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fcbm.2058","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbm.2058","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T09:49:57Z","timestamp":1695548997000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cbm.2058"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,19]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cbm.2058"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbm.2058","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0957-9664","1471-2857"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0957-9664","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-2857","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,19]]}}}