{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T11:17:47Z","timestamp":1778757467160,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]],"date-time":"2020-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Criminal Behav Ment Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prior research has not adequately examined the relationship between psychological state and offending. Limitations include over\u2010reliance on criminal convictions as the dependent variable, failure to examine a comprehensive set of psychological states, the limited nature of measures and the frequent use of cross\u2010sectional data that cannot ensure temporal ordering.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore the relationship between five self\u2010reported psychological states\u2014anxiety, depression, hostility, paranoia and psychoticism\u2014and three types of offending\u2014violent, non\u2010violent and marijuana use\u2014reported 6 months later in a sample of justice system involved young people.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were acquired from the publicly available <jats:italic>Pathways to Desistance<\/jats:italic> dataset, a longitudinal study of 1262 young people (86% male) involved in the criminal justice system. Measures of psychological state were self\u2010reported using the Brief Symptom Inventory at project entry and self\u2010report offending measures 6 months later.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>No psychological states were significantly associated with reports of marijuana use and depression was not related to offending. Anger and paranoia each predicted an increased variety of violent and non\u2010violent offending, while anxiety and psychoticism each increased the variety of violent but not non\u2010violent offending. Clinically significant states on one or more sub\u2010scales were related to variety of both violent and non\u2010violent offending.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results suggest that early screening of psychological state may help identify young people at risk for offending. Further research might be directed at clarifying the extent of actual disorder and the nature of interventions that would best help not only those with a diagnosable disorder, but also those with aspects of their psychological state which trouble them, but which may not actually amount to disorder.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbm.2169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]],"date-time":"2020-10-07T15:49:35Z","timestamp":1602085775000},"page":"13-30","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The relationship between psychological symptom ratings and crime in juvenile justice system involved young people"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6935-2811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth N.","family":"Hartsell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.60.11.1097"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_3_1","volume-title":"Pressured into crime","author":"Agnew R.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.3.3.433"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1541204004265877"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200404000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.100.4.449"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.145.8.971"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-013-0384-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13034-019-0264-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e3182948068"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0015337"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2011.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2007.06122026"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854801028003005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2224\/sbp.1998.26.2.115"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700048017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CHI.0000046819.95464.0B"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2015.01.002"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_8_1_20_1","first-page":"1010","article-title":"Mental disorders among adolescents in juvenile detention and correctional facilities: A systematic review and metaregression analysis of 25 surveys","volume":"47","author":"Fazel S.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000120"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_22_1","volume-title":"Double jeopardy: Adolescent offenders with mental disorders","author":"Grisso T.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2136809"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854813488106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2224\/sbp.2013.41.2.197"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1143790"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.60.6.838"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2018.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1541204004265878"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbm.737"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2000.9544912.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854809354961"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854809335527"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_34_1","volume-title":"Research on pathways to desistance [Maricopa County, AZ and Philadelphia County, PA]: Subject measures, 2000\u20102010","author":"Mulvey E. 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