{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T16:26:04Z","timestamp":1787675164980,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]],"date-time":"2022-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Criminal Behav Ment Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previous research with general population samples has consistently shown that forgiveness and mindfulness facilitate coping with distressing experiences and significantly promote mental health. No study, however, has examined their unique contribution to prisoners' psychological wellbeing nor has considered the different forms of self\u2010forgiveness among prisoners.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our aim was to investigate the role of mindfulness in mediating any association between prisoners' self\u2010forgiveness and psychological wellbeing and to test whether any such links are moderated by years spent in prison. In this study self\u2010forgiveness was conceptualised as a multidimensional construct, including presence of genuine self\u2010forgiveness, absence of pseudo self\u2010forgiveness and\/or absence of self\u2010punitiveness.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants were recruited from a prison in Northern Italy. Consenting men were asked to complete an anonymous self\u2010report questionnaire with only a researcher present.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>104 male prisoners (mean age 46.63\u00a0years, SD 11.38) took part. Findings were that self\u2010punitiveness was inversely related to well\u2010being, with mindfulness mediating this relationship, this while controlling for the other dimensions of self\u2010forgiveness and the perceived severity of the crime committed. Contrary to expectation, we found no direct relationship between genuine self\u2010forgiveness and well\u2010being, but the moderated mediation models showed that genuine self\u2010forgiveness was positively associated with mindfulness and, through this, had an indirect association with wellbeing, significant only for prisoners who had already spent several years in prison.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings confirm that self\u2010forgiveness is a complex construct, worthy of further investigation among offenders. They suggest that forgiveness interventions for prisoners should include modules aimed at primarily reducing self\u2010punitive attitudes. Promotion of genuine self\u2010forgiveness should be tried only with awareness that this is likely to take a very long time. In such circumstances, interventions may promote energy to be invested in mindful processes with a consequent improvement in psychological wellbeing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbm.2260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,3]],"date-time":"2022-09-03T04:54:13Z","timestamp":1662180853000},"page":"337-349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The relationship between self\u2010forgiveness and psychological wellbeing in prison inmates: The mediating role of mindfulness"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Giorgia F.","family":"Paleari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human and Social Sciences University of Bergamo Bergamo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6227-0722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Danioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Family Studies and Research University Centre Catholic University of Milan Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Pelucchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Family Studies and Research University Centre Catholic University of Milan Milano Italy"},{"name":"Department of Psychology Catholic University of Milan Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Rita","family":"Lombrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"My Life Design ONLUS Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Lumera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"My Life Design ONLUS Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camillo","family":"Regalia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Family Studies and Research University Centre Catholic University of Milan Milano Italy"},{"name":"Department of Psychology Catholic University of Milan Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jasp.12708"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"AIP. 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