{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T12:48:11Z","timestamp":1772801291986,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,30]],"date-time":"2006-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1143676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1763,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Criminal Behav Ment Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study sought to establish, in Colombia, the importance of factors alleged to be causes or correlates of adult criminality according to the published literature from other countries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A comparison was made of arrested male offenders from ages 18 to 30 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 223) and similar community controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 222) selected from five cities in Colombia as to their family background, exposure to abuse, family stressors, perceived care and history of childhood disruptive behaviour problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with neighbourhood controls from similar social classes, offenders were significantly more likely to report having had parents with less education, a mother under the age of 18 or over the age of 35 at time of birth, family members involved in crime, experiencing extreme economic deprivation, parental absence, family conflict, severe punishments, physical abuse, and maternal unavailability, rejection and lack of supervision. Prevalence of childhood disruptive behaviour problems was similar among offenders and controls. These findings appear to be independent of economic status, family size or type, birth order, or primary caregiver. Although the independent contribution of most of these factors is small, once all others have been controlled for, their cumulative effect is strong.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings obtained in this Latin American setting do not support the generalized view that adult antisocial behaviour is necessarily preceded by a history of childhood behaviour problems. However, they do add evidence for the importance of family factors in the risk for adult criminality. Copyright \u00a9 2001 Whurr Publishers Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbm.372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,30]],"date-time":"2006-03-30T13:18:26Z","timestamp":1143724706000},"page":"73-85","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Risk factors for adult male criminality in Colombia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Joanne","family":"Klevens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juanita","family":"Roca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ofelia","family":"Restrepo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"172","article-title":"Developments in child psychiatric epidemiology","volume":"27","author":"Costello EJ","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Encuesta de Calidad de Vida","author":"Departamento Nacional de Estad\u00edstica","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-9637-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"169","volume-title":"The Development and Treatment of Childhood Aggression","author":"Eron LD","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/0886-6708.4.2.79"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1995.tb01342.x","article-title":"The Twelfth Jack Tizard Memorial Lecture: The development of offending and antisocial behaviour from childhood: key findings from the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development","volume":"360","author":"Farrington DP","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"El Quinto: No Matar","author":"Franco S","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Ciudad Y Violencia en Am\u00e9rica Latina, Serie Gesti\u00f3n Urbana No. 2","author":"Gait\u00e1n F","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Methods in Observational Epidemiology","author":"Kelsey JL","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"67","volume-title":"Epidemiologic Research. 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