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One hundred and eighty\u2010one consecutive patients with mitral valve area \u2264 1.5 cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> and without severe mitral regurgitation were screened with echocardiography; 30 were found to have left atrial thrombi. Follow\u2010up echocardiography performed 7.4 \u00b1 5.6 months after warfarin therapy revealed that 8\/30 of patients had complete dissolution and 3\/30 had partial dissolution of the thrombi. Thirteen patients with residual isolated appendageal thrombi underwent balloon mitral commissurotomy and were randomized into four groups at the end of balloon mitral commissurotomy: group A, receiving intra\u2010atrial infusion of heparin and tissue plasminogen activator (t\u2010PA; n = 4); group B, heparin and streptokinase (n = 3); group C, heparin (n = 3); and group D, acting as control (n = 3). It was found that only two patients in the t\u2010PA group had their thrombi either completely or partially dissolved within 48 hr. Thus, this study suggests that t\u2010PA may have the potential of dissolving chronic left atrial thrombi. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;56:460\u2013465. \u00a9 2002 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.10256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,6]],"date-time":"2002-10-06T11:46:55Z","timestamp":1033904815000},"page":"460-465","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Intra\u2010atrial thrombolytic therapy for dissolution of chronic left atrial thrombi in patients undergoing balloon mitral 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