{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T14:15:28Z","timestamp":1783952128183,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,23]],"date-time":"2007-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1187827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cathet Cardio Intervent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content>Objectives<\/jats:styled-content>: The objective of this study was to describe the intraplaque variability of coronary atherosclerosis in humans. <jats:styled-content>Background<\/jats:styled-content>: Atherosclerosis is a heterogeneous process. The degree and patterns of intraplaque heterogeneity are not well described. This study uses 3D intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) to examine variability in individual atherosclerotic plaques in human coronary arteries. <jats:styled-content>Methods<\/jats:styled-content>: IVUS images of 170 coronary plaques in 98patients were evaluated. Each plaque was divided into proximal, middle, and distal sections. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed for each section using a dedicated 3D IVUS protocol. Intralesion heterogeneity was assessed between sections. <jats:styled-content>Results<\/jats:styled-content>: Heterogeneity in composition was observed in most plaques (89%). The pattern of remodeling was heterogeneous in 23% of lesions. External elastic membrane (EEM) areas demonstrated an average percent deviation of 28.9% \u00b1 15.5%. Positive remodeling was associated with longer lesions (\u226b median length of 12.7 mm) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.031). Soft and calcific sections had a smaller mean EEM area (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.034). Calcific lesions had a smaller mean lumen area (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.027) and a greater percent plaque burden (PPB) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). Neither the location within the vessel or within the plaque was associated with plaque morphology. Greater qualitative heterogeneity was found in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). <jats:styled-content>Conclusions<\/jats:styled-content>: Our results demonstrate a high degree of heterogeneity in composition and morphological features within individual atherosclerotic plaques in human coronary arteries. Intraplaque heterogeneity represents a challenge for imaging protocols correlating plaque features with cardiovascular events and for the development of future therapeutic options. \u00a9 2007 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.21088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,25]],"date-time":"2007-08-25T01:18:57Z","timestamp":1188004737000},"page":"349-356","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Heterogeneity of atherosclerotic plaque characteristics in human coronary artery disease: A three\u2010dimensional intravascular ultrasound study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Lyndon C.","family":"Box","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominick J.","family":"Angiolillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuaki","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lesleigh A.","family":"Box","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luiz","family":"Guzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin A.","family":"Zenni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodore A.","family":"Bass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco A.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.1999.1627"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.21.2472"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000051720.59095.6D"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","first-page":"259","volume-title":"Intravascular Ultrasound. 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