{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,18]],"date-time":"2024-05-18T02:53:00Z","timestamp":1716000780605},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,14]],"date-time":"2008-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1208131200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cathet Cardio Intervent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current standard of care for anti\u2010thrombotic therapy with primary PCI for acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is aspirin, clopidogrel, unfractionated heparin and platelet glycoprotein IIb\/IIIa inhibitors. However, heparin and glycoprotein IIb\/IIIa inhibitors are associated with a high incidence of bleeding, and many of the trials documenting benefit with this therapy were performed before the widespread use of stents and clopidogrel. Bivalirudin is a direct thrombin inhibitor which has been found to have similar efficacy with less bleeding compared with heparin plus glycoprotein IIb\/IIIa inhibitors when used with elective PCI and with PCI for unstable angina and non\u2010ST elevation myocardial infarction. The HORIZONS trial evaluated bivalirudin compared with unfractionated heparin and IIb\/IIIa inhibitors in patients with STEMI treated with primary PCI and found similar MACE (major adverse cardiac events) with less bleeding and a lower incidence of net adverse clinical events (MACE or major bleeding) at 30 days. Mortality at 30 days was also significantly less with bivalirudin. These results make a strong case for the use of bivalirudin with primary PCI in the great majority of patients with STEMI, with the possible exception of patients with cardiogenic shock or stent thrombosis, and patients with a large thrombus burden or no re\u2010flow following PCI. In the latter case, platelet glycoprotein IIb\/IIIa inhibitors would be used as a bail\u2010out strategy. \u00a9 2008 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.21518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,14]],"date-time":"2008-04-14T23:46:33Z","timestamp":1208216793000},"page":"816-821","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["What anti\u2010thrombotic therapy is best with primary PCI for acute ST elevation myocardial infarction: How should the HORIZONS trial change current practice?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Bruce R.","family":"Brodie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12113-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.7.853"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.6.696"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa062437"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","article-title":"Antithrombotic strategies in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing early invasive management: One\u2010year results from the ACUITY Trial","author":"Stone GW","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","article-title":"Comparison of bivalirudin to unfractionated heparin and glycoprotein IIb\/IIIa inhibitors during primary percutaneous coronary intervention in acute myocardial infarction","author":"Stone GW","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.8.734"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200106213442503"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(99)00635-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa013404"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.14.1759"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","unstructured":"AntmanEM AnbeDT ArmstrongPW BatesER GreenLA HandM HochmanJS KrumholzHM KushnerFG LamasGA MullanyCJ OrnatoJP PearleDL SloanMA SmithSCJr. ACC\/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with ST\u2010elevation myocardial infarction: A report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to Revise the 1999 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction).2004. Available atwww.acc.org\/clinical\/guidelines\/stemi\/index.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2006.08.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.612812"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.02.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(01)02188-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(02)02487-6"}],"container-title":["Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fccd.21518","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ccd.21518","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T21:52:57Z","timestamp":1696974777000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ccd.21518"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,15]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ccd.21518"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ccd.21518","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1522-1946","1522-726X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1522-1946","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-726X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,15]]}}}