{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T12:28:41Z","timestamp":1774700921063,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,10]],"date-time":"2015-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1439164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cathet Cardio Intervent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>While percutaneous device closure (PDC) is a first\u2010line therapy for isolated muscular ventricular septal defects (mVSD), surgery is still the preferred approach for peri\u2010membranous ventricular septal defects (pmVSD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We sought to compare the outcomes of percutaneous versus open surgical closure of pmVSDs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched through October 15, 2014 for English language studies comparing outcomes of PDC with surgical closure of pmVSDs. Study quality, publication bias, and heterogeneity were assessed. A meta\u2010analysis of selected studies was performed using a random effects model. Comparison was done for early (&lt;1 month) safety and efficacy outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seven studies with a total of 3,134 patients (PDC\u2009=\u20091,312, surgery\u2009=\u20091,822) were identified. Patients in the PDC group were older than those treated surgically (mean age 12.2 vs. 5.5 years, respectively). In six out of seven studies, the mean VSD size was found to be comparable between the treatment arms (PDC 4.9 mm vs. surgery 6.0 mm). Males represented 52% of patients in either group. Follow\u2010up ranged from 5 to 42 months. No significant differences were observed between PDC vs. surgery in terms of procedural success rate [relative risk (RR): 1.00, confidence interval (CI): 0.99\u20131.00; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.67]. Combined safety end points for major complications (early death\/reoperation\/permanent pacemaker) were similar in both groups (RR: 0.55, CI: 0.23\u20131.35; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.19) as were as other outcomes like post\u2010procedure significant residual shunt (RR: 0.69, CI: 0.29\u20131.68; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.41), significant valvular (aortic\/tricuspid) regurgitation (RR: 0.70, CI: 0.26\u20131.86; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.47), and advanced heart block (RR: 0.99, CI: 0.46\u20132.14; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.98). The need for blood transfusion (RR: 0.02, CI: 0.00\u20130.05; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and duration of hospital stay [standard mean difference (SMD) \u22122.17 days, CI: \u22123.12 to \u22121.23; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001] were significantly reduced in the PDC group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Percutaneous closure of pmVSD when performed in a selected subgroup of patients is associated with similar procedural success rate without increased risk of significant valvular regurgitation or heart block when compared with surgical closure. \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.26097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,10]],"date-time":"2015-08-10T11:02:52Z","timestamp":1439204572000},"page":"1048-1056","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Comparison of percutaneous device closure versus surgical closure of peri\u2010membranous ventricular septal defects: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Alok","family":"Saurav","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Creighton University Medical Center Omaha Nebraska"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manu","family":"Kaushik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology VA Nebraska\u2010Western Iowa Health System Omaha Nebraska"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Venkata","family":"Mahesh Alla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Creighton University Medical Center Omaha Nebraska"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Creighton University Medical Center Omaha Nebraska"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruby","family":"Satpathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Alegent Creighton Heart and Vascular Institute Omaha Nebraska"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Lanspa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Creighton University Medical Center Omaha Nebraska"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aryan N.","family":"Mooss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Creighton University Medical Center Omaha Nebraska"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael G.","family":"DelCore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Creighton University Medical Center Omaha Nebraska"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)01886-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.190690"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq249"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.10.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.10292"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","unstructured":"WellsG SheaB PetersonJ WelchV LososM TugwellP.The Newcastle\u2013Ottawa scale for assessing the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta\u2010analyses. 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