{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T03:20:56Z","timestamp":1762917656810},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]],"date-time":"2015-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1448409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cathet Cardio Intervent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gender differences exist in the presentation and outcomes of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Our study objective was to compare gender differences in prevalence, co\u2010morbidities, and revascularization treatment in CAD patients with chronic total occlusions (CTOs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective analysis using the Canadian Multicenter CTO Registry, which included 1,690 consecutive CTO patients identified at coronary angiography and a control group of 7,682 non\u2010CTO patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of women in the CTO group was significantly lower compared to the control group (19% vs. 30%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Within the overall CTO group, women were significantly older than men (70\u2009\u00b1\u200912 vs. 66\u2009\u00b1\u200911 years, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) with more comorbidities, including hypertension and heart failure. Rates of PCI in the CTO group were similar between gender (10%), however, women with CTO were treated significantly less by CABG compared to men (19% vs. 27%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003). Moreover, compared to male patients, significantly fewer women undergoing CABG had revascularization of the CTO artery (84% vs. 93%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03). Multivariable analysis indicated that female gender (along with age, chronic renal failure, prior MI and cerebro\u2010vascular disease) were independent predictors for not receiving CABG treatment for CTO.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Female gender differences exist in CTO patients with both lower prevalence of CTOs at angiography and lower revascularization rates of CTOs by CABG. \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.26330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]],"date-time":"2015-11-25T12:33:55Z","timestamp":1448454835000},"page":"1063-1070","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Gender differences in the prevalence and treatment of coronary chronic total occlusions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Rafael","family":"Wolff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Schulich Heart Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Toronto, Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Fefer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Schulich Heart Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Toronto, Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Merril L.","family":"Knudtson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asim N.","family":"Cheema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology St. Michael's Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Toronto, Division of Cardiology Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. 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