{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]],"date-time":"2025-11-09T03:44:10Z","timestamp":1762659850103,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,3]],"date-time":"2019-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cathet Cardio Intervent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Investigation of novel vertical radiation shield (VRS) in reducing operator radiation exposure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Radiation exposure to the operator remains an occupational health hazard in the cardiac catheterization laboratory (CCL).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A mannequin simulating an operator was placed near a computational phantom, simulating a patient. Measurement of dose equivalent and Air Kerma located the angle with the highest radiation, followed by a common magnification (8 in.) and comparison of horizontal radiation absorbing pads (HRAP) with or without VRS with two different: CCL, phantoms, and dosimeters. Physician exposure was subsequently measured prospectively with or without VRS during clinical procedures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dose equivalent and Air Kerma to the mannequin was highest at left anterior oblique (LAO)\u2010caudal angle (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.005). Eight\u2010inch magnification increased mGray by 86.5% and \u03bcSv\/min by 12.2% compared to 10\u2010in. (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.005). Moving 40\u2009cm from the access site lowered \u03bcSv\/min by 30% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.005). With LAO\u2010caudal angle and 8\u2010in. magnification, VRS reduced \u03bcSv\/min by 59%, (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.005) in one CCL and \u03bcSv by 100% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .016) in second CCL in addition to HRAP. Prospective study of 177 procedures with HRAP, found VRS lowered \u03bcSv by 41.9% (\u03bcSv: 15.2\u2009\u00b1\u200913.4 vs. 26.2\u2009\u00b1\u200931.4, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .001) with no difference in mGray. The difference was significant after multivariate adjustment for specified variables (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Operator radiation exposure is significantly reduced utilizing a novel VRS, HRAP, and distance from the X\u2010ray tube, and consideration of lower magnification and avoiding LAO\u2010caudal angles to lower radiation for both operator and patient.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.28629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,3]],"date-time":"2019-12-03T12:30:45Z","timestamp":1575376245000},"page":"7-12","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Reduced radiation exposure in the cardiac catheterization laboratory with a novel vertical radiation shield"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4707-8265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmelo J.","family":"Panetta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UMP Heart Care St. Joseph Hospital  St. Paul Minnesota"},{"name":"Heart Care East University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erin M.","family":"Galbraith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMP Heart Care St. Joseph Hospital  St. Paul Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marat","family":"Yanavitski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMP Heart Care St. Joseph Hospital  St. Paul Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick K.","family":"Koller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMP Heart Care St. Joseph Hospital  St. Paul Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Binita","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology NYU Langone  New York New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sohah","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology NYU Langone  New York New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joaquin E.","family":"Cigarroa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Oregon Health &amp; Science University  Portland Oregon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomechanics University of Nebraska  Omaha Nebraska"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunil V.","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Duke 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