{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T04:08:31Z","timestamp":1758946111991,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,19]],"date-time":"2020-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cathet Cardio Intervent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>We hypothesized that some coronary sinus (CS) anatomies allow a more straightforward CS Reducer (CSR) implantation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent decades have seen a rise in patients with chronic angina. When complete revascularization and maximal medical therapy fail to reduce symptoms, CSR has become a new therapeutic option.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified a classical C\u2010shape\u2014a near horizontal course of the proximal portion of a circular CS\u2014in a retrospective analysis of 47 CSR implantations and compared the procedural time, fluoroscopic time, contrast use, presence of valves or bifurcations and procedural complications with the non\u2010C\u2010shape CS anatomy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found a significant difference in procedural (20.0 [19.0\u201324.7] min vs. 24.5 [20.7\u201351.0] min; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.028 and fluoroscopic time (9.5 [7.5\u201314.5] min vs. 11.0 [7.9\u201330.0] min; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.016). There was no significant difference in contrast use. The presence of bifurcations or valves along the CS course did not influence the procedural timings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study is the first systematic evaluation of CS anatomy and its procedural implications. We identified a favorable C\u2010shape anatomy which allows for a more straightforward implantation. Operators should be aware of the different implications of CS anatomy, their influence on guiding catheter stability and overall procedure complexity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.29398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]],"date-time":"2020-11-20T05:49:34Z","timestamp":1605851374000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Coronary sinus anatomical features: Description and procedural implications during coronary sinus Reducer implantation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3263-7394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriaan","family":"Wilgenhof","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HartCentrum Ziekenhuis Netwerk Antwerpen (ZNA) Middelheim  Antwerp 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