{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:57:55Z","timestamp":1792807075514,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]],"date-time":"2022-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cathet Cardio Intervent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Covered stents perform similar to surgically implanted conduits, although the stents work inside of vessels. We present a computed tomography\u00a0(CT)\u2010based workflow for the implantation of covered stents as extravascular conduits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We selected three different use cases: 1. Connecting a left\u2010sided partially anomalous drainage of a pulmonary vein to the left atrium. 2. Bypassing an outgrown Dacron conduit in aortic recoarctation. 3. Re\u2010directing hepatic venous blood to the left lung in a Fontan patient with heterotaxy, connecting the innominate vein to the right pulmonary artery like a right\u2010sided cavopulmonary connection. By postprocessing and analyzing CT\u00a0scans for planning and by the use of long needles under biplane fluoroscopy for the realization of the procedure, we projected and performed the exit of a long needle out of a vessel, the re\u2010entering of a target vessel, and the bridging of the extravascular distance by implantation of covered stents.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In all three cases, the covered stents were placed successfully, connecting vessels of 15\u201350\u2009mm distance from each other with very good hemodynamic results. In one case, two stents were placed consecutively, overlapping each other to accomplish an exact fitting at the connection sites to the native vessels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.30190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]],"date-time":"2022-04-08T19:39:26Z","timestamp":1649446766000},"page":"2054-2063","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Transcatheter implantation of covered stents serving as extravascular conduits\u2014Proof of a CT\u2010based approach in three cases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"99","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0253-1190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Ewert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, German Heart Center Munich Technical University of Munich  Munich Germany"},{"name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Herz\u2010Kreislaufforschung (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Eicken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, German Heart Center Munich Technical University of Munich  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1723-1254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Tanase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, German Heart Center Munich Technical University of Munich  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6239-8160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stanimir","family":"Georgiev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, German Heart Center Munich Technical University of Munich  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albrecht","family":"Will","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, German Heart Center Munich Technical University of Munich  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cornelia","family":"Pankalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, German Heart Center Munich Technical University of Munich  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Nagdyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, German Heart Center Munich Technical University of Munich  Munich 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