{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T08:30:40Z","timestamp":1762072240266,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,13]],"date-time":"2022-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cathet Cardio Intervent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Paclitaxel\u2010coated balloon (PCB) angioplasty emerges as an effective therapeutic option for in\u2010stent restenosis (ISR). However, whether PCB angioplasty would be effective for in\u2010stent calcified nodule (ISCN) lesions remain fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and outcomes of ISCN in patients undergoing PCB angioplasty for ISR after second\u2010generation drug\u2010eluting stents (G2\u2010DES) implantation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study enrolled 179 lesions (160 patients) undergoing PCB angioplasty for G2\u2010DES restenosis with optical coherence tomography guidance. According to the presence of ISCN at the minimum lumen area, the lesions were divided into two groups: the ISCN (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200916) and the non\u2010ISCN groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009163). The primary study endpoint was the cumulative 3\u2010year incidence of target lesion failure (TLF; a composite of cardiac death, clinically driven target vessel revascularization, and definite stent thrombosis) on a lesion basis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>ISCN was observed in 16 of 179 lesions (8.9%). Cumulative 3\u2010year incidence of TLF was significantly higher in the ISCN group than in the non\u2010CN group (85.3% vs. 16.9%, inverse probability weighted hazard ratio [HR] 4.46, 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 2.42\u20138.22, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Risk factors associated with TLF were ISCN (HR 4.55, 95% CI: 1.56\u201313.3, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005), recurrent ISR (HR 2.82, 95% CI: 1.50\u20133.30, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001), and early ISR (HR 2.18, 95% CI: 1.21\u20133.92, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>ISCN was observed in 8.3% of G2\u2010DES restenosis. PCB angioplasty had little effect on ISCN lesions compared with non\u2010ISCN lesions, suggesting the need for careful clinical follow\u2010up of patients with ISCN lesions after PCB angioplasty.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.30418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]],"date-time":"2022-10-14T05:20:32Z","timestamp":1665724832000},"page":"990-999","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Outcomes of paclitaxel\u2010coated balloon angioplasty for in\u2010stent calcified nodule: An optical coherence tomography study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Hisaki","family":"Masuda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Kokura Memorial Hospital Kitakyushu Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shoichi","family":"Kuramitsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology 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